KÜRESEL REKABET GÜCÜ ÖLÇME SORUNU: STANDART YAKLAŞIMLAR VE TEMEL BELİRLEYENLER ÜZERİNDEN BİR YÖNTEM DENEMESİ
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Abstract
Bu çalışmanın ana amacı, endüstriyel rekabet gücünün ölçümünü referans alan uygulamalı literatürden hareketle endüstriyel faaliyet pratiğini değerlendirmek ve ölçme tekniklerine yönelik yeni bir yöntem önerisinde bulunmaktır. Uygulamalı literatürde rekabet gücünün ölçümünde “endüstriyel etkinlik, endüstriyel istikrar ve endüstriyel sürdürülebilirlik” ölçütleri ayrı ayrı ele alınmaktadır. Her bir endüstride faaliyet gösteren ilgili birimlerin rekabetteki yerleri her bir yönteme göre önemli değişiklikler göstermektedir. Rekabet gücünün ölçümünde kullanılan birçok içsel ve dışsal faktörler altında geliştirilen ölçme tekniklerinden yararlanılmaktadır. Rekabet gücünü ölçmeye yönelik bütüncül bir tekniğin bulunmadığı şeklindeki genel eleştirilere kısmen de olsa cevap olması beklentisiyle; hesaplanabilir ölçme sonuçlarını sosyal/iktisadi tercih teorisi zeminine oturtmak suretiyle, literatürde yeni bir yöntem geliştirilmesi oldukça önemlidir. Bilindiği kadarıyla yukarıda belirtilen üç rekabet bileşenine dayalı kaynak kullanım tercih sıralamalarının ortak bileşkesi şuana kadar yapılan çalışmalarda yer almamaktadır. Burada “endüstriyel etkinlik-maliyet etkinliği, endüstriyel istikrar – z skoru ve endüstriyel sürdürülebilirlik-sermaye yeterlilik rasyosu” bileşenlerinden oluşan yeni bir yaklaşım sergilenmektedir. Buna göre bu çalışma, “Bir endüstride etkinlik, istikrar ve sürdürülebilirlik göstergeleri hesaplanıp her bir karar alma biriminin kaynak kullanım tercihi indeks hesabıyla sıralanabilirse; o endüstride yıllık Döngüsel Rekabet İndeksi (Global Competition İndex) de hesaplanabilir” şeklindeki temel hipotezimizi teste etmeye yönelik bir kurguya dayanmaktadır. Test edilebilirlik konusu ise uygulamalı alan olarak farklı bir çalışmayı gerektirmektedir. Burada önce yeni bir indeks elde etme sürecinin aşamaları değerlendirilmekte, ardından örnekleme konu olan bütün karar alma birimlerine ait maliyet etkinliği, z skoru ve sermaye yeterlilik rasyosu bileşenlerinden oluşan ortalama değerlerin hesaplanabileceği hususu ortaya konulmaktadır. En son olarak her bir yıla ait endüstri ortalamasını oluşturacak formüller yardımıyla yeni bir değer kümesi elde edilmekte ve başlangıç/baz yılının referans alındığı, yıllık Küresel Rekabet Döngüsü İndeksi’nin elde edilebileceği savıyla, bu çalışma tamamlanmaktadır.
Keywords
Abstract
The main purpose of this study is to evaluate the practice of industrial activity by using the empirical literature on the measurement of industrial competitiveness and to propose a new method for measuring. In the applied literature, the criteria of industrial efficiency, industrial stability, and industrial sustainability are taken separately in the measurement of competition power. The competitive locations of the relevant units operating in an industry show significant changes according to the methods adopted. Competitiveness measurement is generally carried out by using measurement techniques developed by taking into consideration many internal and external factors. To respond to the expected criticism that there is no complete technique to measure competitiveness, a new method is developed by putting the computable measurement results on the basis of social/ economic choice theory. To the best of our knowledge, the common composition of preference orders based on the above-mentioned competitive components is not included in the related literature. Here we present a new approach consisting of the following ratios: industrial efficiency-cost efficiency ratio, industrial stability-z score ratio, and industrial sustainability-capital adequacy ratio. Accordingly, this study is organized to test the following basic hypothesis: If an industry activity is calculated with stability and sustainability indicators and can be ranked by each decision-making unit's resource utilization preference index, it can also be calculated on an annual basis in the Global Competition Index. Testing the abovementioned hypothesis requires an original empirical analysis presented in this study. Firstly, the stages of the process of acquiring a new index are evaluated, and then the average values of cost efficiency, z score, and capital adequacy ratio components of all the decision-making units subject to sampling are calculated. Secondly, a new set of values that will represent the industry average for each year is obtained by means of formulas. Finally, this study is completed with the argument that the annual Global Competitiveness Index which is based on the base year, could be obtained.
Keywords
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