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Abstract
The aim of this research is to develop the process of African nationalism from the colonial to the postcolonial period. The nationalism as a movement started in Africa during the colonization and was against this form of domination. The beginning of this movement has started indirectly at the first step of the colonization by the resistance of some Kings who wanted freedom of their lands and people. The political and social movements that brought nationalism movement in the continent appeared after the Second World War and permitted the African colonies to achieve independence. During the decolonization period, the desire to be a nation was a reality and the process of national identity was on the way. The postcolonial period was not the same as the former period and nationalism’s aspect have changed in the African countries. Instead of being a common sprit to be cherished, nationalism became source of conflict based on ethnic problems. The African leaders were not able to make the dream a reality because they brought new political system which stopped the evolution of the people. The fall of the former Soviet Union and the rise democracy system in political affairs opened the gate to a new nationalism in Africa since 1990.