SOCIAL SCIENCES STUDIES JOURNAL (SSSJournal), Year 2020 Issue 60

The Perceptions of Teachers About The Visionary Leadership Competencies of School Principals

Murat DURMUŞ,, Veysel OKÇU — 2024-08-29

The purpose of this study is to examine the perceptions of teachers about the visionary leadership competencies of high school administrators and determine whether these perceptions differ according to gender, seniority, working time with the current manager, the same union membership as school administrator. Survey model was used in the research. The research population consists of 721 branch teachers working in 33 high schools in the city center of Siirt in 2019-2020 academic year. The sample consists of 314 branch teachers working in 17 high schools selected by simple random-sampling method. "Visionary Leadership Competencies Scale of School Principals" was used as data collection tool in the research. Descriptive statistics, independent sample t-test, one-way analysis of variance and Tukey test were used to analyze the data. In the findings of the research; According to the teachers' opinions, it is seen that the school principals in high school have good level of visionary leadership competencies. Generally in the research, there was no significant difference between teachers' perceptions according to school administrators to visionary leadership competencies gender, the same union membership as school administrator, and current administrators working time variables. But, there was significant difference between teachers' perceptions according to professional seniority. In addition, it was determined that there are significant differences between the sub-dimensions of the visionary leadership competencies of the school administrators according to the variables of professional seniority, the same union membership as the school administrators and the working time with the current administrator.

Evaluation Of Newspaper Design Applications Made Within The Desktop Publishing Course Based On The Views Of Graphic Design Department Students

Ayşe Derya KAHRAMANAyşe Derya KAHRAMAN, — 2024-08-29

Desktop publishing course is designed to embody the abstract knowledge that students have learned, to practice the techniques used, how to emphasize the hierarchy to give an effective visual message, to comprehend the basic principles of surface design, and to enable them to develop creative arrangements on text visual relationship. Within the scope of the course, students make newspaper design with the Adobe Indesign program they have learned. In this study, which aims to determine the newspaper design skills of the students taking desktop publishing course, a screening model is used. In the research, open-ended questions were applied to the 3rd grade students studying at the Department of Graphic Design of the Faculty of Fine Arts and Design of Karatay University. The answers of the students to the open ended questions were analyzed through descriptive analysis. According to the results of the research, students will learn that desktop publishing course will help them to be successful in their professional life, to learn indesign program, to make newspaper design, to learn the principles of writing visual and design in the program, to apply themselves to the content of the course, to provide them with some visual materials. finding that some students have difficulty in finding text, the course is effective and useful in the course of the program as well as the indesign program is taught to be taught only as a program course.

Pre-Service Social Studies Teachers’ Perceptions About Modular Teaching Approach

Cemil Cahit YEŞİLBURSA,, Kadir Can ERBUDAK — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to examine the perceptions of pre-service social studies teachers about modular approach. The study was carried out using basic qualitative design. In order to determine the study group, convenience-sampling method was used. Accordingly, there were 30 social studies teacher candidates in the study group. The data of the study were collected through a semi-structured opinion form with five open-ended questions. Content analysis was used for data analysis. According to the findings of the study, it was concluded that social studies teacher candidates perception about modular approach; in teaching topic; providing various opportunities, bringing a different understanding, As a tutorial; It is determined that they see it as an efficient, energetic approach understood by everyone. Besides they like it used by the modular teaching approach in lesson and useful social studies lesson. It was determined that they can be applied to all learning areas, but in some of their views, they can vary depending on the subject and student status. It was emphasized that modular teaching approach should be used in Social Studies lessons, it provides benefits in many aspects and it is an effective approach in adapting learners to the lesson.

Investigation Of Football Players' State And Trait Anxiety Levels: The Case Of Ankara

Hasan ULUKAN,; Yunus ŞAHİNLER , Mahmut ULUKAN — 2024-08-29

In this study, it was aimed to determine the state and trait anxiety levels of football players. The research, 204 athletes from football players playing in various clubs in Ankara participated as volunteer. In the research was used the State and Trait Anxiety Scale, which was adapted to Turkish culture by Öner and Le Compte (1983). The Cronbach Alpha value of the scale was between 0.94 and 96 for "State Anxiety" and between 0.83 and 0.87 for "Trait Anxiety". To the evaluate the data was used SPSS 25.0 statistical software. Frequency and average values was used. Whether the data collection tools show normal distribution was tested. Because of it is suitable normal distribution, parametric tests were used. To test the difference between the variables were used T-test and ANOVA test. In addition, to determine the difference of subgroups were used Bonferroni and Tamhane(α = 0.05). According to the results of the research, it has been determined that there is a significant difference between the state and trait anxiety levels of the players according to gender, age and tournament participation variable. When the averages of the footballers according to the gender variable are analyzed, it is determined that the women have a higher level of anxiety than men. When the anxiety levels of the players were analyzed according to the age variable, it was determined that there was a significant difference in the trait anxiety levels and this difference was in favor of the players in the 26-30 age group. In addition, when the anxiety levels of football players are analyzed in terms of participation to the tournament; again, a significant difference was found between the state and trait anxiety levels. It was observed that this difference was in favor of football players participating in the tournament between 41-50. However, it was determined that there was no significant difference in terms of individuals' education, income, category and year of doing sports.

Public Relations As A Response To Activism

Abdullah YILDIRMAZ, — 2024-08-29

Today, all organizations, whether for profit or not, sometimes face action groups. Activists made up of individuals who come together to put pressure on the target organization for the sake of a purpose are communities that need to be taken into account in terms of target organizations. Indeed, sometimes target organizations are mistaken to ignore the potential of these small communities. Situations such as the legitimacy of the action groups are not accepted further deepen this delusion. Preventing action groups before they occur or taking measures after their formation is critical for target organizations. In this context, public relations practice can play an important role in resolving conflicts. In this research, it is aimed to bring forward some suggestions on how to behave in the face of the problems faced by target organizations in the light of literature information about activism. For this purpose, firstly, what activism is, the formation of activism, types of activism and its dimensions are briefly explained. Then, the aims of individuals to join the activist organizations and the digital activism practice that emerged with the development of internet technologies were also briefly explained. As a result of the research, in line with this information obtained from the literature, the importance of communication with the activists was emphasized for the future of the organizations.

Investigation Of The Connection Of Base Metals With Important Events In World Political History By Retrospective Literature Screening Method

Ali ÇİFTÇİ,; M. Nuri URAL , Alaaddin VURAL — 2024-08-29

In this study, n-gram analyzes of copper, lead and zinc elements have been carried out because of their coexistence due to the proximity of their geochemical properties and as a result of this, they have to be operated together and their usage areas are related to each other. Within the scope of the study, n-gram analyzes were carried out on the basis of both individual elements and using the base metal keyword to cover the years 1750-2008. Smoothing factor was taken as 3 in N-gram analysis. By using n-gram analysis, time-dependent changes in the usage rate of base metals in the literature and the relationship were investigated. When the data obtained from n-gram analysis on base metals are evaluated together; In the 1760s, when the Industrial Revolution emerged, the frequency of the use of key concepts peaked. Between 1800 and 1840, when there was a supply / demand balance, there was stagnation due to the lack of actors in the mining market of the elements. There is an increasing trend in the market from the 1840s to the 1920s with the increasing demand from Germany, Spain and the United States, and increasing demand due to industrial needs. At the beginning of the 1929 Economic Crisis, a bottom point can be seen in the graph obtained as a result of the n-gram analysis. After this date, an upward trend continued until the 1940s. With China's expansion until 1960, the diversity of the market and the increase in competition show an upward trend, with a period of downward trend after 1970s. When social / political events and developments were analyzed together with n-gram analysis, a significant relationship was found between them.

Nursing Care After Mastectomy İn Turkey: A Literature Review

Serap KURTAR,, Nigâr ÜNLÜSOY DİNÇER — 2024-08-29

Objective: Breast cancer is the mostly seen among women in our country and in the world. The purpose of this literatüre review is to gather and examine into studies related to nursing care applied to patients receiving mastectomy treatment in our country in the last 10 years (2009-2019). Methods: Literature review has been made through scanning Google scholar, Pubmed, Ulakbim, Dergipark databases in nursing care by employing those keywords which are “breast cancer and nursing”, “breast surgery and nursing”, “mastectomy and nursing” in February 2019. As a result of the scanning the databases, a total of 11,790 studies were found and 13 of them meet the inclusion criteria. The years, sample size, measurement tool, findings and conclusions of those studies have been scrutinized seperately. Results: When the results have been observed, there are 925 patients collected in this study through literatüre review. Quality of life, sexuality, partner compliance, loneliness, perception of disease, body perception, lymphedema, pain levels, anxiety levels and postoperative knowledge levels were evaluated in those studies. In all of the studies, it was clearly stated that the participants experienced physiological and psychosocial difficulties. Conclusion: In the studies examined, information needs (highly) of the participants was emphasized; it was clearly stated that nurses should take holistic approach to patients and they should repsond both physiological and psychological needs of the patients, and to develop new strategies for education. Finally; need for developing new strategies on nursing education was expressed.

Examining Of Pre-Service Social Studies Teachers’ Self-Efficacy For Different Teaching

Esra ÜÇARKUŞ,, Cemil Cahit YEŞİLBURSA — 2024-08-29

In the current study, self-efficacy of pre-service social studies teachers for differentiated teaching was examined according to the class and university variables. The survey method was used to conduct the study. The study group was determined by convenience sampling and data derived from 293 prospective teachers from three universities. The data of the study were collected by differentiated teaching self-efficacy scale. Mann Whitney U and Kruskal Wallis test were used in the analysis of the data, since the distribution was not normal. The results show that pre-service social studies teachers’ self-efficacy towards differentiated education is high. In the results obtained according to the class variable, it was determined that there was no significant difference in the pre-service social studies teachers’ self-efficacy total scores towards differentiated education. It was found that there is no significant difference in the planning, implementation and evaluation sub-dimensions of self-efficacy of pre-service social studies teachers towards differentiated teaching according to the class variable. It was concluded that the pre-service social studies teachers’ self-efficacy total scores for differentiated teaching did not differ significantly according to the university variable. The self-efficacy of pre-service social studies teachers in the sub-dimensions of planning, implementation and evaluation of differentiated teaching did not differ significantly according to the university variable.

Horasan And Sultan Sencer In The Great Saljuqids Period

Oğuz Levent KURNAZ, — 2024-08-29

Horasan Region has been one of the most important centers throughout history. At this point, the region was considered both military and political, and its geopolitical location. Ghaznavids dominated before Seljuks dominated the region. In this context, the domination of Turks in the Horasan region has continued since then. The Seljuks, who achieved their independence, soon dominated the Horasan region. The Seljuks, organized in the Horasan region, managed the region by sharing it among the dynasty members. In this context, Nişabur and Merv regions were divided between Tuğrul and Çağrı Beyler. The Seljuks, who took almost all of Khorasan, continued their existence in this region until the death of Sultan Sencer. Sultan Sencer saw the Horasan region as the main center of the state both in the period of reign and Sultanate, and made investments in this region both politically and militarily and in terms of zoning or knowledge. The Seljuks and Sultan Sencer, who lost power with the arrival of the Oghuzes in the Horasan region, had to give the Horasan region to the Oghuzes in the short term and the Harzemşah in the long term. However, the fact that the region remained under Turkish domination played an important role in the development and settlement of the region.

Objectivity as a Journalism Ideology and Culture: Reviews and Alternatives

Anıl Kaan UÇAR, — 2024-08-29

Ethical issues in the field of journalism, both theoretically and practically, are discussed extensively. Within the framework of journalistic ethics, the principle of objectivity as a journalism ideology and culture; draws attention as a fact that should be adopted by professional practitioners, managers and organizations. However, it contains some contradictions in objectivity and displays a dialectical relationship with the codes of practice in the journalism profession. The aim of this study is to reveal both this dialectical process and alternative concepts of objectivity in journalism. In this context, the concept of objectivity is explained first, the criticisms compiled by Ryan for this concept are listed and finally, alternative objective journalism approaches are explained. As a result, the principle of objectivity can be strengthened by alternative journalism approaches, beyond the provision of ethical codes in the field of journalism.

East-West Paradigms and The Middle East Imagination In Bernard Lewis Thought

Ali Ulvi ÖZBEY, — 2024-08-29

The Middle East has differed from the western part of the world both religiously and culturally after the birth of Islam. This situation has witnessed a new area where the eastern and western separation will continue for many centuries, the Islamic Christian struggle. The undisputed Islamic superiority, which continued until the 13th century, has lost its influence in many areas in the following period and transferred its balance of power to Europe of Christian origin. Bernard Lewis, one of the longest-lived historians known as the master of intrigue for many, who is accepted as the undisputed authority for many thinkers, has written various works on region referred to as the Middle East, the historical development of Islam, its political effects of the Middle East and reflections of Islam and Western modernity in the Middle East. In this study, the works written by Lewis as a result of his researches and observations on the Middle East were examined and the thoughts of the author were tried to be expressed based on the author's own works.

A Field Research on the Factors Affecting Organ Donation Intention in Kırıkale

İbrahim BOZACI, — 2024-08-29

Although organ transplantation is one of the important technological opportunities for many people to survive today, it is seen that the number of organ donors is not enough worldwide. In this study, factors affecting the organ donation intention, which is an important problem encountered in today's societies, are examined. In this context, firstly, scientific literature on the subject is examined. Then, in Kırıkkale province of Turkey, primary data is collected and analyzed for the factors that are likely to affect the organ donation intention. As a result of the research, it was determined that the sense of guilt, positive attitude and perceived benefit affect the organ donation intention, respectively. On the other hand, it is seen that altruism, perceived risk and perceived control variables do not affect the organ donation intention significantly. Finally, research results are interpreted and suggestions are developed.

Investigation of Information Security Awareness Levels of Students In Secondary Schools

Can GÜLDÜREN,; Hafize KESER , Erinç ERÇAĞ — 2024-08-29

With this research, it was aimed to determine the information security awareness levels of students in the secondary education institutions of the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus Ministry of National Education and Culture. The study was conducted in survey model. The population of study consists of 9-10-11 and 12th grade students studying at official schools affiliated with the Ministry of National Education. In the study, 28 schools were selected in six districts (Nicosia, Kyrenia, Famagusta, Güzelyurt, Lefke, İskele), which were suitable for accessibility due to difficulty in reaching the entire population, limited time and economic reasons. Accordingly, 1686 students participated in the research. The data were obtained using personal information form and “Information Security Awareness Scale” for Secondary School Students which was developed by Güldüren, Çetinkaya and Keser (2016). The data were analyzed using SPSS 22 program. As a result of the research, statistics related to descriptive findings are shown as arithmetic mean, standard deviation, frequency and percentage. In order to determine the relationship between demographic information and information security awareness level, independent samples t-test, Kruskal Wallis H-Test for independent samples, one-way ANOVA, Scheffe and Dunnett C multiple comparison tests were employed in data analysis. As a result of the research, it was concluded that the information security awareness levels of secondary education students were at a medium level (90 <109.59 <138). According to the average of the total scores obtained for the sub-factors of the scale, it was concluded that the awareness was medium at each sub-factor level. The values obtained are respectively; personal data protection sub-factor (15 <19.27 <23), attack and threats sub-factor (42 <54.66 <70) and privacy sub-factor (25 <35.66 <40). It has been determined that secondary school students' information security awareness levels did not differ significantly according to district, school type, class level and daily internet usage time. In addition, it was determined that the mean scores of the ISAS of secondary education students differed according to the gender variable t (1684) = 5.577, p <.01). According to this; information security awareness levels of male students (x̄Male = 112.76) are higher than female students (x̄Women = 106.05). In addition, it has been determined that there is a significant difference according to the variable of computer training, t (1684) = 2.084, p <.05). Information security awareness levels (x̄Comp.Ed. = 110.78) of the students who get computer training are higher than the students who do not get computer tarining (x̄Not Comp.Ed. = 108.25).

Educational Students, Teacher Qualification and Integration Studies of Refugee Students

Nihat ÖZGÜLER, — 2024-08-29

International migration and immigranteducationhavebeenoccupyingtheagenda of countriessuch as Europe and America since thesecondworldwar. Thesecountriesarecarryingoutseriousstudies on teachingthelanguage of thehostcountry and adaptingthemtothesocial life in thefastestway. It is found in thestudiesthattheimmigrantpopulation is themosteffectiveway of teachinglanguagetoadapttothecountry. In particular, thekeytochildren'sadaptationtotheirnewlives is tolearnthelanguage of thehostcountry. In thiscontext, thestudy of refugeestudentswasdiscussed.

A Comparative Approach To The Novels Of Hermann Hesse’s Siddhartha And Ernest Hemingway’s The Old Man And The Sea

Engin BÖLÜKMEŞEEngin BÖLÜKMEŞE,, Hülya Eldem AYDOĞAN — 2024-08-29

The aim of this study is to analyze Hermann Hesse's Siddhartha and Ernest Hemingway's The Old Man and The Sea in the context of the comparative literature and an interdisciplinary approach. The effects of sociological and biographical elements on authors and works will be identified by using pluralistic approach in both works. In addition to the purpose of writing the works, the authors similarities with the main characters in the related works will be discussed. Brief information will be given about works, writers, Christianity, Buddhism, Jesus Christ, Siddhartha Gotama and the study will be directed in the light of the facts of the sociological period that lead to reveal the works. It will be based on the assumption that the authors create works that represent their lives through literature. As a result of this comparative study, the similarities and differences will be revealed by examining the religious symbols of both works.

Children And Grief: A Case Presentation

Esra TEKE,, Selahattin AVŞAROĞLU — 2024-08-29

Although death appears as an inevitable fact in life, it can be difficult to accept this fact and as a result, grief reactions may arise. It is seen that children, like adults, give their grief responses. In addition to these reactions, psychological problems may arise in the process, and individuals' adaptation to life may be difficult. In this sense, it may be beneficial to provide necessary assistance and counseling services to children. The aim of this study is to provide psychological help services to an eight-year-old girl who lost her father and showed grief reactions, by using pictures, cognitive behavioral therapy techniques and play therapy techniques as a projective technique in the counseling process. The effectiveness of the counseling process was tested through the Post-Traumatic Stress Response Scale (ÇTSS-TÖ) pretest-posttest results and descriptive data for children. As a result of the study, it was found that there was a decrease in the client's post-traumatic stress response levels. In the observations made for the client, however, it was observed that there was a decrease in grief responses in the evaluations made by the client himself, his family and his teacher.

Teachers’ Opinions On The Realization Level Of New Primary School Mathematics Curriculum

Seda ARSLAN, — 2024-08-29

This study was carried out to get the opinions of the teachers about the application of 2018 Primary school Mathematic course program. In the study, quantitave method was used to get the detailed view of the teachers. The study group consists of nine primary school teacher working in the city center of Amasya. The teachers were given six open-ended questions which are in the quasi-structured interview form and their answers were obtained. Descriptive analysis was used for the analysis of the obtained data. It was seen that the teachers were satisfied with the new program comparing to the old one. However, they claimed that there were some necessites to add in the new program.

The Relationship between Organizational Commitment and Organizational Cynicism Levels of Accounting Employees in Hotel Enterprises: The Case of Kemer

Hatice ŞİMŞEK, — 2024-08-29

Investigating the attitudes of employees has always been an interesting research topic for researchers. These issues are considered within the framework of behavioral accounting; The application of stress factor to accounting employees with intense interest is even more interesting. This study will make significant contributions to the literature in terms of examining the organizational attitudes of accounting employees other than professional accountants. The purpose of this research; to determine the organizational commitment and organizational cynicism levels of the accounting employees in hotel businesses. It is also determined whether demographic factors make a difference in the organizational dependency and cynicism levels of employees. For this purpose, a survey study was conducted between 150 and August 2019 on 150 personnel working in hotel businesses operating in Kemer district of Antalya province. Data obtained by random sampling method were analyzed in SPSS 20 package program. As a result of the research, it was determined that the demographic characteristics of the employees were effective on organizational commitment and organizational cynicism, and that there was a mutual relationship between organizational commitment levels and organizational cynicism levels of the accounting employees in the hotel enterprises.

The Correspondence of Hasan Basri Çantay with Hatibzade Mehmet Refet Efendi as a Type of Letter

Mehmet ŞAHİN, — 2024-08-29

This study aims to determine the correspondence of Hasan Basri Çantay with Mehmet Refet Hatiboğlu and the literary evaluation of the letter, which is not known by the scientific word but is considerably crucial in terms of its content. The letter of Hasan Basri Çantay was obtained from Prof. Dr. Mehmed Said Hatiboğlu, the son of Hatibzade Mehmet Refet Efendi, to whom the letter was sent. In the study, letter types were also discussed to understand the value of the letter. The letter, which is in the form of cevapname (a response), was examined in terms of language and style and the text was transcribed. For a better understanding of the scientific discussion, information about Çantay and Hatiboğlu was given, the correspondence of both authors unknown by the scientific world was revealed by letter and it was contributed to biography writing. With the letter written in a literary style, both a scientific subject was discussed and it was shed light on understanding the intellectual and literary level of the period.

Satire In Abdurrahim Karakoç's Hasan’a Mektuplar Poetry Book

Ali PULAT,, Mustafa ÇİÇEK — 2024-08-29

Satire is means criticizing many issues such as person, society, politics, culture etc, sometimes through poetry, sometimes through prose. Satire is closely related to laughing and funny concepts. Satire, one of the sub-branches of the comic, is a self-contained species. It has similar aspects with other genres such as humor, irony, parody, which are the sub-branches of the comic, but this does not prevent the satire from being a detached type. Its satirical counterpart in Western literature is “satir”. “Satire” is a term that remains from Divan literature, and this is the common use of this genre in our literature. The meaning of satire in Folk literature is “grinding” and its usage in today's Turkish is “satire”. Abdurrahim Karakoç is one of the important poets of Turkish literature. Karakoç, who made a name for himself especially with his love and nature poems, is also one of the leading satire poets of our literature. Karakoç, where satirical examples are found in almost all poetry books, has gained an important place in this field especially with the Hasan’a Mektuplar, the first poetry book that came out in 1964. In his poetry book Hasan’a Mektuplar, it is seen that especially social issues related to society are saturated a lot.

An Evaluation Of Sociological Dynamics Of Politics And Social Structure In Terms Of Social Welfare And “Rights”

Aziz ŞEKER, — 2024-08-29

The phenomenon of politics as a social fact draws the attention of people from almost every social group. Politics through words, beliefs and ideologies, has been a topic of discussion in finding solutions to some structural problems related to social structure. In this text with a historical reading of the politics in Turkey, to develop an insight of the politics and social welfare rights in general terms, interaction between politics and social structure was examined and an evaluation in terms of social welfare and social-cultural rights was conducted.

Evaluation Of Hit Performance For Latents In Fingerprint Database Search According To Fingermark Parts

Özcan YILDIZ, — 2024-08-29

Fingerprint database search, hit and identification for latents is a hard process. Distortion in fingermark image or partial fingermark available on many surfaces makes hit performance relatively low although advanced software is adapted in recent years in fingerprint database technology. In this study 105 fingerprints of individuals (2100 single fingerrpints) were collected and recorded to fingerprint database. 7243 latents were reproduced known to be part of collected fingerprints. Reproduced latents from core, delta, upper, side (left/right) and lower part of the original fingerprints are searched against known ten prints database. Hit and nonhit performance in fingerprint database database search of latents were found and compared relatively.

Three-Dimensional Expression Fields Of Typography In The Public Space

Deniz KÜRŞAD,, Serkan VURAL — 2024-08-29

ABSTRACT As a visual expression of text, typography is significant in terms of establishing communication in many surfaces including informative graphics, educational material, packaging designs and wall graphics. In addition to two-dimensional surfaces, public spaces have been among the platforms where typography, experimental or communicative, has existed as a three-dimensional structure or an aesthetical and functional form of reflection. The concept of the public sphere began to be discussed in Europe in the 1960s and in Turkey in the 1990s. The use of liberal practices on typography, especially after 1980, has led to the introduction of typography to the public. Therefore, typography became a source of inspiration for designers who aimed to convey a certain message or create works of art with aesthetic values. With various materials and presentation methods, three-dimensional typographic expressions are included in the public sphere both in terms of the branding of cities and as part of architectural textures. In this sense, presenting information and examples regarding the various three-dimensional expression fields of typography in the public sphere constitutes the aim of the present study.

The Investigation Of The Therapeutic Alliance In Terms Of Psychological Counselors

Mehmet KANDEMİR,, Tahsin İLHAN — 2024-08-29

This study aimed to examine the mediating role of psychological counselors’ general self-efficacy beliefs and counseling self-efficacy beliefs in the relationship between the therapeutic alliance that is established by them with their clients and their attachment styles. The study, which used the relational screening model, was carried out on 421 school counselors who had been working in the field for at least 1 year and had been conducting at least 1 psychological counseling session a week. Data collection tools included Therapeutic Alliance Scale, Psychological Counselor Questionnaire, Interpersonal Attachment Styles Scale, Psychological Counseling Self-Efficacy Beliefs Scale, and General Self-Efficacy Scale. AMOS was employed to analyze the hypothesis test model, and the relationships between the variables were examined using path analysis. The findings revealed that counseling self-efficacy belief predicted the therapeutic alliance more than the general self-efficacy belief and that it had a stronger mediating role in the relationship between attachment styles and therapeutic alliance than the general self-efficacy belief. The findings were discussed in light of the literature, and various recommendations were made for future research.

Mabeyn Rooms in 18th century Ottoman Upper Class Residences

Şükriye Pınar ÖZYALVAÇ,, Ali Naci ÖZYALVAÇ — 2024-08-29

The cultural and physical environment of the human being, a social entity, can be read as a reflection of each other. In this study, the mabeyn rooms in the residences of high-level government officials living in Istanbul in the 18th century will be examined and tried to be read as an indicator of their social status. The reason for choosing the mabeyn rooms among the places in the houses of these state administrators, which constitute the elite segment of the society, is the variety of objects in these rooms. Although Mabeyn is defined in the dictionaries as "the room between harem and hariciye", it is understood that the 18th century high-class managers point to a use besides this meaning in their dwellings. Based on the fact that the Sultan's lifestyle and the house he lives in will set an example for the state officials working here, the "Mabeyn Room" in Topkapı Palace was first examined. Then, the Mabeyn rooms of the nineteen houses used by people who can be called as elite class that are relationed to the palace were discussed. For this purpose, Muhallefat registeries dated between 1730 and 1771 were used in the Ottoman Archives. By examining the locations and furnishings of these rooms, it is tried to be understood how they function, through these manuscripts containing the confiscation records of people with high status who died or were dismissed.