SOCIAL SCIENCES STUDIES JOURNAL (SSSJournal), Year 2019 Issue 29

ŞEHİR MARKASI KAVRAMI VE EDİRNE SAKİNLERİNİN MARKA ŞEHİR ALGISI

Ebru ONURLUBAŞ,, Dursun YENER — 2024-08-29

The concept of city marketing or brand city concept that has been increasing rapidly in recent years in marketing literature, is defined as all activities carried out to transform people's lives into attractive life centers that they want to live, work, invest, study and visit, instead of perceiving a particular city as an ordinary settlement in the mind of the target population by using brand strategy and techniques. When marketing literature is examined, it is seen that many academic studies have been carried out in order to market many cities in our country, although the world has many important cities. Edirne is one of the important cities of our country in terms of history, culture and tourism. The city, which was the capital of the Ottoman Empire, is home to symbolic buildings that have caused many people to visit the city. The aim of this study is to explain the concept of city marketing and its historical development, as well as to determine the opinions of the people living in Edirne. For this purpose, data will be collected from 500 people in total with the research form prepared based on the variables included in the city brand index of Anholt. The data will be analyzed through the SPSS program with the necessary statistical tests and the opinions of Edirne residents on the marketing of the city they reside in will be determined.

MAN AND NATURE IN MELISSA HARRISON’S CLAY AND JANE SMILEY’S A THOUSAND ACRES

Shwana Qadir PEROT,, Bülent C. TANRITANIR — 2024-08-29

Ecocriticism lays stress on the relationship between man and nature. As they are interrelated. The effects of human intervention on the environment, land, and nature have jeopardized our lives. Melissa Harrison and Jane Smiley in their fiction works draw the reader’s attention to a world where human actions have put everything at stake. Harrison in Clay demonstrates the importance of nature in human life. The story revolves around three characters. They feel lonesome and are unhappy. Their relationship with people in the city is not enough, they need connectedness to nature. Ultimately, they discover a small park in the midst of the city, and it becomes a source of comfort for them. On the other hand, Jane Smiley’s Pulitzer-winning novel, A Thousand Acres portrays the lives of farmers in Iowa, where farmers use a host of chemicals, toxins, and fertilizers. The farmers ignore the damaging impacts of these chemical substances on their lives and environment. Ultimately, readers come to know about the fate of the characters in the novel. As they suffer from different kinds of diseases due to the use of chemical substances. And their actions result in the destruction of the natural world. This paper discusses both novels form the angels of ecocriticism.

THE RELATİONSHİP BETWEEN THE CHOİCE OF PROFESSİON AND THEİR PERSONALİTY CHARACTERİSTİCS: AN IMPLEMENTATİON ON FACULTİES OF ECONOMİCS AND ADMİNİSTRATİVE SCİENCES STUDENTS

Hatice GÜLÜCÜ,, Soner TASLAK — 2024-08-29

The choise of profession is very important decision that directly affects all areas of one’s life. This choice, most of the time which affects the entire life of the individual, is made by the influence of external factors rather than one’s own wishes. Therefore, individuals have to make professions that are incompatiable with their interests and personality. This situation creates incompatibilities between the professions and the persons and affects the indivual’s business life in a negative way. Individual’s decision about profession preference are usually beginning to take shape in university years. Move from here, in this study the harmony between the professional preferences and personalities of university students was studied within the framework of Holland’s professional personality theory. The aim of this research is determine the profession preference of the senior students of Muğla Sıtkı Koçman University Faculty of Economics and Administrative Sciences and to put forward the harmony between these preferences and personality types. The data collected with the survey technique were analyzed and it was determined that there was a general incompatibility between the personality types of the students and the profession preference , based on Holland’s professional personality theory as a result of the analysis.

CONSTITUTION AND CONSTITUTIONAL LEGITIMACY IN EARLY REPUBLICAN PERIOD

Müge Hayriye GÜVENÇ AKÇAOĞLU, — 2024-08-29

This study examines the constitutional framers’ conceptualizations of constitution and constitutional legitimacy in Turkey as revealed in the Parliamentary debates during the making of 1921 and 1924 Constitutions and Constitutional Amendment of 1923, which entirely set the groundwork for the constitutional system of the early Republican period. In order to understand the perspectives of constitutional framers on constitutions and constitutional legitimacy, the study concentrates on the minutes of Turkish Grand National Assembly. The major aim of the study is to shed light on the intellectual perspectives lying behind the constitutional developments of the early Republican period; more precisely considerations and thoughts of the framers of constitutions since they constitute the internal dynamic of constitutional developments, and interpret them in the framework of political theory. Hence, the study aims to contribute to the existing literature on the early constitutional history of Turkey by revealing the constitutional framers’ conceptualizations of constitution and constitutional legitimacy. The study claims in the end that the considerations of the constitutional framers largely overlap with the main tenets of the constitutional theory of Carl Schmitt, one of the most controversial political and legal theorists of the twentieth century.

FILYOS VADI PROJECT FROM SOCIO-ECONOMIC AND ENVIRONMENTAL POINTS OF VIEW

Evren ATIŞ,, Şaban ÇELİKOĞLU — 2024-08-29

“Filyos Vadi Project” being the subject of study is located within the scope of Filyos investment areas within the borders of Zonguldak Province in Western Black Sea Region. Subject project comprises a land of 19 thousand decares that has a length of 25 km laying from sea towards inlands. As a result of the shrinkage of production and employment status of hard coal establishments, Zonguldak has become a sending province as from the 2000’s and therefore “Filyos Vadi Project” has a great importance for Zonguldak. The new industrial facilities to be established as a result of that project are expected to make the territory popular again. Besides, together with the port to be established within the scope of project, it is aimed for a hinterland, that comprises the provinces of Bartın and Karabük and even the provinces such as Kastamonu, Bolu, Çankırı and Ankara, to be developed. Filyos Vadi Project area and its surrounding also nestle important natural and humane values. Filyos Delta is a home to many living beings. Said area is one of the stops of birds of passage. The delta area also contains lands that have agricultural potential. Furthermore, ancient city of Tios that has many Roman period ruins is located right to the west of Project area. At the implementation phase of the project, due care must definitely be taken in order to protect such natural and cultural assets. In this study, Filyos Vadi Project that is expected to create an employment areas that matters to Zonguldak area has been discussed from a geographic point of view; the matters such as the environmental effects of project, the scope of investment, the effects of regional development and employment as well as the expectations of locals are scrutinized.

TOURISM PROMISES OF THE POLITICAL PARTIES IN THE 2007 GENERAL ELECTION AND DEVELOPMENTS TOURISM SECTOR IN THE POST-ELECTION

Ayşe ERKMEN, — 2024-08-29

The aim of the study participated in the 2007 general election and after the election of the party managed to enter the Turkey Grand National Assembly is to determine the promises on tourism. In this study, the tourism promises of the Justice and Development Party, the Republican People's Party and the Nationalist Movement Party in their election declarations or party programs were examined. In the research, it is determined that plans to increase tourism to the upper level in the international arena have been made. It has been determined that a legal arrangement to bring all actors under the same roof in tourism sector and to ensure high participation in tourism specialization fairs. In developing tourism, it has been seen that promising a dynamic and competitive tourism economy that is sensitive to consumer demands. It is promised that the existing centralist structure will be left to localize in certain dimensions. It is stated that domestic tourism needs to be improved in order to save tourism from being dependent on foreign countries. It was promised to diversify tourism, to spread it to four seasons and to provide marketing efficiency. It was stated that organization will be encouraged in all areas of tourism. It has been promised that the number of employees in the field of tourism will be brought to a sufficient level and their knowledge and skills will be improved through education. It was promised to increase the number of tourism regions in order to improve tourism. The Government of the Justice and Development Party has worked to improve tourism and increase tourism revenues between 2007 and 2011.

THE CONTRIBUTION OF ART SYMPOSIUMS AND WORKSHOPS TO CERAMIC ART EDUCATION

Nürdan ARSLAN, — 2024-08-29

The second half of the 21st century has reshaped the contemporary art concept of plastic arts. The positive sciences, analytic thought system, industrial revolution and constant technological developments that have defined the modern world since the 19th century, have produced solid stimuli to education and social sciences. These have all made a parallel progress in our field of contemporary ceramic art in particular, once more asserting the individual creative process of the long-standing traditional culture. As a plastic, ceramic has passed through that process employing all contemporary methods of production and intellectual tradition and become the material of works of art. Abstracting ceramic from the material and turning it into a different artistic language form the foundations of contemporary ceramic art and academic ceramic education. In our country and in many other countries around the world, academic art education and, almost parallel to that, symposiums and workshops, have for many years made important contributions to the art education with open workshops and meetings between artists and students. On the other hand, while the process of conceptional and experimental observation, which form the basis of art education, defines the subjective and objective achievements of academic art education, it also greatly helps to form original, individual artists in sync with the developing and changing world.

CREATING A HEROES WITH THE DEYIM TREASURE: THE MAN IN THE STREET

Amina Şiljak JESENKOVİÇ, — 2024-08-29

Using the novel Sokaktaki Adam by Attila Ilhan and the phrasemes the author uses through his characters, this paper attempts to shed some light on identities, worlds, characterizations and social groups that Hasan, Yakub, Ahmet and Merjem belong to. Phrasemes as perfect forms for expressing emotions, for nuanced feelings, particularly examples of phrasemes specific for certain social groups, such as jargon-based, argot-based or phrasemes typical for informal communication, place the characters into specific social groups and indicate their personalities, their emotions and the intensity of their anger. As a true master of his craft, Ilhan went through the lexical wealth available to him and made a selection based on the heroes whose portraits he wanted to draw, and selected the prhasemes that suit best the situations his characters find themselves in and their individual features.

AN UNEXPLİCİT MANNER OF TELLİNG: EXPLORİNG IMPLİCATURE İN ENUNCİATİON THEORY

Şeref ATEŞ,, Burak ÖZSÖZ — 2024-08-29

Humans use a set of signals, language, to explore the language. What renders it possible is the simple fact that a meta-language to define language has been developed. Using a language, the members of speech communities are mainly aimed at communicating with one another. While language assumed to be made up of a set of concrete linguistic signs upon which the members of the same speech community are agreed is a social phenomenon, language used individually by each member is unique. Such a subjectivity can be observed in virtually every utterance produced by unique members of a given language. In using this subjectivity, humans, nevertheless, do not always refer to an explicit manner of telling. That they may engage themselves in an unexplicit way of uttering words does not show their intention of not wanting to be understood by others they exchange words with. Implicature which is largely used in verbal interaction is, in fact, a clear indication of advanced state of language on intellectual level. The true value of any utterance implied can only be appreciated within the moment it is produced; the act of enunciation. Having discussed the segmental and supra-segmental features of an utterance and the enunciation theory in general, the study seeks to investigate the unexplicit manner of telling, namely implicature, in the light of enunciation theory and the conditions in which the act of enunciation is performed.

AN INVESTIGATION ON THE EFFECT OF BODY LANGUAGE ON THE HIRING DECISION IN AZERBAIJAN

Farhad ORUJOV,, İbrahim Taha DURSUN — 2024-08-29

The success of business, achieving its goals and failure of the business depends on its human resources. At the end of the historical process human resources management is viewed as a source of human value and giving importance to the company's human resources where at the recruitment process in the business has been meticulous. Businesses are mostly in the recruitment process increasingly emphasize the success of the recruitment process in order to select candidates in accordance with their knowledge and abilities, apply appropriate test and interview methods to candidates, place them in the appropriate positions and adaptation processes, and ultimately value recruitment of staffed personnel and value to the business. The main subject of the research is to determine the effect of body language of candidates coming to interviews in Azerbaijan on their recruitment decisions. In the theoretical part of the research, while the concepts of recruitment in human resources management and non-verbal communication were examined, in the research part of the study, the human resources authorities in the recruitment processes of the companies operating in Azerbaijan were included and the effect of recruitment decisions of body language of the candidates on job interviews was examined. In this research, it has been tried to determine the effect of the body language of the candidates on the hiring decision of the human resources authorities during the job interview.

A RESEARCH OF GERMAN TOURISTS’ PERCEPTIONS AND REVISIT INTENTIONS ON TURKEY: THE CASE OF ANTALYA

Alper ATEŞ,; Aslı UĞUR AYDIN , Mehmet ŞAHİN — 2024-08-29

The Mediterranean region has always been one of the most important destinations for Turkish tourism, from past to present. Germany is at the forefront of the countries that are most interested in the region with high tourism intensity and high demand. In this study, it is aimed to determine relation between the destination service quality which affect the general satisfaction of the German tourists coming to the Mediterranean region and their intention to visit again. A survey was conducted on 95 German citizens living in Germany and the results were analyzed in the SPSS 21 program. When the overall level of satisfaction of German tourists arriving in the Mediterranean region is examined, it is seen that the participants are greatly satisfied during their stay.

THE CONSUMER BEHAVIOR OF UNIVERSITY YOUTH A SOCIOLOGICAL VIEW WITH KIRIKKALE UNIVERSITY SAMPLE

Dolunay ŞENOLDolunay ŞENOL,, Seda TAŞ — 2024-08-29

The subject of this study is consumption behaviors of university students. People have to consume to live. Consumption, as a habit, covers almost all of the daily lives of individuals. The shape and content of consumption have changed over time and have become present. Today, there is a consumption habit that real and false needs are intertwined. Young people tend to consume more depending on the social and psychological characteristics of their maturation period. For this reason, young people are becoming the target of producers. University youths are the attracted ones among young people. Because the young people who continue their education in different cities, become independent from their families by managing their own economies. This requires university youth to make their own decisions about consumption. Producers who realize that these fyoung people are marking their own decisions, expose them with mass media and advertisements. From this point of view, it was aimed to show whether there are similarities and differences between the male and female students in terms of consumption and consumption behaviors, what are these differences, and the role of gender perception in this study. The study is important in terms of perceiving consumption and life forms of young people. Because young people are adults of the future. Firstly, the concept of consumption is defined in the study. Then, the development of the consumption society, consumption behavior and the situation of the youth in the consumption society were discussed. Finally, data obtained from the field were analyzed and consumption behaviors of university students were evaluated with a sociological point of view. Qualitative research method was used to examine consumption behaviors of university students. A total of 28 students (20 girls and 8 boys) underwent semi-structured interviews. During the interviews, the subjects such as the view of consumption, how they prefer shopping, how often they prefer to buy, what they pay attention to when buying the product, and what the product means for them are examined. At the end of the study, it was seen that male students considered consumption as meeting their basic needs and consumed them based on those needs. On the other hand, female students described consumption as meeting their basid needs and spending Money and it was seen that female students ar ego towards hedonic consumption

AN EVALUATION OF THE PERCEPTION OF VIOLENCE IN YOUNG PEOPLE

Zekavet KABASAKAL,, Hadiye KÜÇÜKKARAGÖZ — 2024-08-29

One of the factors that lead to violent behavior in young people is the social environment especially the peers and the family. It is an institution that is as effective as its physiological, economic, cultural and social aspects in the formation of personality development and behavior of the family member. The family, which may have significant effects on development, appears to play an important role in the emergence of behavior towards violence in adolescents. The aim of this study is to assess the perception of violence in youth in terms of the experiences of family, peer, school, social networking. The research was conducted in a descriptive model. The study group of the study is composed of 40 young people (20 girls, 20 boys) who are educated in different secondary education institutions in İzmir. As the data collection tool, the interview form compiled by the researchers from different sources was used. The interview form consists of two sections, a and b. Part A consists of demographic characteristics, Part B consists of evaluations of youth about violence experiences in family, friends, school, internet use processes. As a result of the research young people: in peer relations; threatening, humiliating, scorning, intimidation, abuse, and so on. In family relations; Inadequate interest, understanding, love and sympathy are mentioned in the communication processes. Violence experiences in the use of the Internet do not make the most of mockery, contempt, etc. . Verbal violence items were also introduced in school life in relation to teachers

TRANSPORTATION SECTOR AND ITS EFFECTS ON ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT

Filiz KUTLUAY TUTARFiliz KUTLUAY TUTAR, — 2024-08-29

As a leverage of economic and social advancement, transportation is one of the most progressive industries. The more it improves, it creates domino effect in the industry. Tourism industry contains two concepts in general: “movement” and “return”. Movement concept is interwoven with transportation and it connotes transportaion. Tourism is unthinkable without transportation, ways and vehicles. Tourism and transportaion industries, which have a linear connection, are inseparable parts of a whole . In this context, our study’s aim is to analyse the effects of these two industries, which have a cause and effect relation in between, on the economy of Turkey.

MOURNING AND BURIAL TRADITIONS OF ISMAILITS OF WESTERN PAMIR

Saida DARIYEVA, — 2024-08-29

There told in the following research-work about Ismailis of Western Pamir, who live in the territory of the Mount Badakhshan Autonomic Republic (Republic of Tadjikistan), their traditions regarding to crape, burial traditions and death in general. Minority of some Persian nations live here in hight mountain valleys hard to arrive near to Panj river and among them nations like: Bartangies, Vakhanies, Ishkashimies, Rushanies, Khufies, Shugnanies and others. The burial and crape traditions of the Pamir people, who folllow Ismaili mazkhab, a branch of Shia Islam, are quite interesting and has not any similarities with traditions of their Sunni neughbours.

IMĀMATE DOCTRINE

Nezir MAVİŞ, — 2024-08-29

Imāmīyyah who based the imamate on verse and nomination, lunches twelve imams faith with Ali b. Abu Tālib and endes with Muhammad b. Hasan al-Askarî. Imāmīyyah identifies twelve imams with the Prophet at all prophetic attributes such as epiphony, spirituality, knowledge, miracle, communication with the angel and obedience to him. This thought which he accepted as a basic religious principle played a major role in shaping his beliefs and understandings within the scope of divinity, prophethood and semīyyāh. Imāmīyyah, who tried to support this idea through Qur'anic verses in order to base this thought called Imāmate Doctrine, turned to the inner (ezoteric) meaning of the words in order to realize this purpose. In addition, the fact that Imāmīyyah do not take into account political and semantic framework of this verses, and the fact that the theses that he argues do not correspond with the historical realities, reveal that the Imāmate Doctrine is an unthinkable thought.

ECONOMICS ASPECTS IN SHEIKH SA'DI SHIRAZI’S GULISTAN

Abdürrauf AYDIN, — 2024-08-29

Gulistan of Sa'di Shirazi, a literary work in essence, has been translated into many world languages and has taken its place among the Eastern Islamic classics. In addition to this feature, the views on the subjects that fall into many fields of social sciences are expressed through the work, story and poetry. In the Eastern culture, it is possible to look at the issues and tools related to the theory of history, such as economic, social, cultural and political issues.

Sa’di (1213-1292), who graduated from the world-famous educational institution (Nizamiye Madrasahs) when he was living and witnessing economic, social, cultural and political turmoil, conveyed his experience and observations, especially to Bostan and Gülistan. It is possible to draw different meanings from the method and language used in this transfer and to find their equivalents in today's sciences.

In this study, the subject of the most research subject of Sadi, Gulistan, was emphasized and economic elements were examined in this context.

NEGOTIATIONS BETWEEN TURKISH CYPRIOTS AND GREEK CYPRIOTS SINCE THE ESTABLISHMENT OF TURKISH FEDERATED STATE OF CYPRUS (TFSC) UP TO NOW AND THE EXPECTATIONS OF PARTIES

Ömer Lütfi TAŞCIOĞLU, — 2024-08-29

The negotiations initiated between the Turkish Cypriots and the Greek Cypriots following the Cyprus Peace Operation and the subsequent establishment of TFSC have been going on for 44 years, but no positive results can be obtained from the negotiations. While Turkish Cypriots approach unification in good faith and accept to live with Greek Cypriots on condition that the unification should be based on bi-zonal and political equality, ignoring the massacres perpetrated against them by Greek Cypriots in the past, the Greek Cypriots aimed at governing the whole island themselves by connecting Turkish Cypriots to Greek side in minority status and rescinding the right of guaranty of Turkey, and annexation of Cyprus to Greece (ENOSIS) at the final stage. In this work the negotiations between Turkish and Greek Cypriots and the expectations of parties since the establishment of TFSC up to now were examined and the people of the republic of Turkey and the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus (TRNC) have been illuminated on the subject. In the introduction section of the study, the history and importance of Cyprus and the history of the KTFD were given. In the following sections establishment of TRNC, consultation of Greek Cypriots to European Community and the membership procedure, imposition of Annan Plan, the end of Denktash period and the negotiations held between Turkish Cypriots and Greek Cypriots during the periods of Mehmet Ali Talat, Dervish Eroglu and Mustafa Akinci in different sections. At the conclusion section the results which were obtained from the previous sections were evaluated.

A STRATEGIC CITY RELIC ON THE ANTI TAURUS UPPER CEYHAN BASIN: HAÇAĞAÇ – OLUCAK SETTLEMENT (ANDIRIN)

Aytül KAPLAN, — 2024-08-29

Andırın is a region which is on the Anti Taurus and has deep valley that Ceyhan River gave form it. The road routes passing through the gateways provide to be founded crawded and close – timbered settlements. Because Anatolia is a source of raw material for trade and market – square, it is at the intersection of all roads in the east – west and north – south. The most important roads of prehistoric period usually ran along in the east – west. It seems that strategically important settlements were founded on the road and routes beginning from the period of Assyria Trade Colonies. In the Assyria Trade Colonies, the roads from Mesopotamia (had the most crowded bazaar place in Anatolia) to Kaniś Karum (Kayseri-Kültepe) beneffited from the routes which passed through the valleys that Ceyhan River gave form it on Anti Taurus. The most important road in upper Ceyhan basin is a route that is called “Akyol” or “Ağyol”. This road provided a connection to sea for Assyrian trader and the user of “King Road” which was the most important road in ancient period. The routes which were departing from Akyol to the east arrived to Mesopotamia via Andırın and Kahramanmaraş. In this study there will be an inroduction of Başdoğan Street Haçağaç Olucak local archeologic settlement in Andırın that it seems it was a very big city because of the ruins of bath, necropolises, surfaces with mosaic and ruins of the construction. It is understood from the ruins of surface that the history of the city trace to Hellenistic period. It will be understood if there was an earlier age by means of some serious searches. The aim of this study is to emphasize the need of serious research about Olucak archeologic settlement before being destroyed, which isn’t an emergent place yet.

NATION - STATE CRISIS: AN ASSESMENT ON CHANGING CITIZENSHIP PERCEPTION

Zeynep ÖZKAN, — 2024-08-29

The modern state is defined as the state that places the people living on a certain piece of land on equal basis and which separates from other sovereign elements with these borders. The modern state was identified with the nation-state with 1789 French Revolution. In this study, it will be focused on nation – state and its perception of citizenship and also it will be evaluated operational and intellectual conversion, the new citizenship perception shaped by the influence of information and its impact on Turkey.

A GENERAL LOOK AT THE UPRISINGS DURING THE IV. MEHMED’S PERIOD

Abubekir Sıddık YÜCEL, — 2024-08-29

IV. Mehmet is one of the youngest sultans who ascend to the Ottoman throne. To ascend to the throne as a child meant that the administration of the state was done primarily by his mother and other governors of the state. His father did not take over a solid state both in terms of treasury and management style from Sultan Ibrahim. As of the month of its reign, He faced a major uprising that would undermine the state's order. During his reign over the last thirty-nine years, many riots emerged in the lands of Anatolia and outside of it. Except two of them, all of the rebellions that occurred during his sultanate period were the military uprisings in the form of the vizier, pasha, janissary, sipahi (knight who held a grant of land from the sultan in return for military service) uprising and all of them were working in the state level. When we look at the general character of these uprisings, we see that they are dissatisfied with their position of authority or the money they received. Rebellions such as Georgian Abdunnebi, Katircioglu, Abaza Hasan Pasha, and Incident of Cınar have shaken the state and also emerged as revolts which brought the fight of domination within the sultanate. The state suffered serious losses each time, despite the extermination of these riots with the moves made according to ancient practices and the state tradition. At the beginning of these losses, perhaps the most important thing is the fact that the trained human power has been destroyed by some ambitions.

ETHICAL PRINCIPLES IN SURGICAL NURSING

Naile AKINCI,, Cemile ÇELEBİ — 2024-08-29

The surgical environment is highly complex for the patient who will be technically highly complex and who will be treated by the health care workers and surgical intervention because of the possibility of infection, injury, dangerous substances. Besides, it is a stressful environment because it requires long-term physical proximity with the team, life-threatening situations and quick decision-making. Therefore, the issue of ethics is of special importance in terms of surgical nursing. Nurses working in surgery face ethical issues similar to those of other nurses. These include patient rights, informed consent, scarce resources, and quality of life. In fact, all these issues are inherent in the roles of the surgical nurse. In surgical nursing, nurses must act in accordance with ethical principles when performing their roles.

THE IMPORTANCE OF FORMATIVE ASSESSMENT IN TERMS OF QUALITY OF INSTRUCTION

Davut HOTAMANDavut HOTAMAN, — 2024-08-29

Education is an intended cultivation process and ‘student, teacher and program’ which are the main inputs for the education system have a great importance to guide this process most efficiently. At the end of this process, it is expected that the student appears as a processed product which gains the knowledge, skills and attitudes planned beforehand. The assessment makes a decision whether the product has the determined qualifications or not. In general, assessment is defined as a process of making a judgment by comparing the data acquired from the assessment. This assessment definition is named result or product oriented and can be only assessed at the end of the process. However, when contemporary assessment approaches are examined, it is seen that assessment is not only regarded as a result-oriented judgment process but also a function that enhances the quality of restorative, corrective and instructional service by recording every moment of the education process. This new mission which is assigned to assessment, requires immediate restorative assessment interventions, therefore; it makes assessment an essential element processing correspondingly with learning experiences. This new perspective has made the assessment one of the variables determining quality of the instruction. When sources related to educational sciences are examined, it is observed that variables which determine the qualification of instruction such as reinforcement, clue, and feedback-correction and student participation are included in learning-teaching processes called learning experiences or educational situations. However, this newly developed point of view related to assessment has emphasized clearly that the formative assessment should have been already considered as a variable determining the qualification of instructional service. The formative assessment is an essential learning-teaching factor which can be used together with planned learning experiences at any moment of the lesson: in the beginning, middle or end. This variable also contributes to mastery learning by ensuring passing the next process safely by checking whether the predicted goals are reached by the students. The formative assessment is basically a type of assessment that is aiming following and monitoring rather than grading. Therefore, it enables to determine the incomplete, wrong learning that needs to be corrected immediately and to start the learning-teaching process from the relevant place. The formative assessment contributes to making required connections with between knowledge, skills and attitudes that are learning products. Thus, one of the core principle; ‘Learning must be leaned on the former and preparative the followings.’ puts into practice. Additionally, this situation has a particular importance in content which is strongly related to preconditioning. It can be said that this new point of view on the assessment emphasizes the learning process that gives learning-teaching process and assessment a form and direction simultaneously and in accordance with findings each other. The research is a theoretical study because it has been carried out using literature and source scanning methods. The research is looking for an answer for the question of “What are the contributions of formative assessment to quality of instruction? This research is important in terms of examining formative assessment together with the variables which are used in learning-teaching process and determine the quality of instructional service such as reinforce, clue, feedback-correction and student participation.

POSITIVE-NEGATIVE CONTRAST OF SYNONYMS WORDS IN UZBEK LANGUAGE

Dilshoda MUBARAKOVA, — 2024-08-29

Synonyms are words that are similar, or have a related meaning, to another words. Although these words can be used interchangeably, they primarily provide very specific and different meanings in writing (connotation, comes from the latin connotatio, con- together, noto- marking, determine). In other words, the words that have the same meaning are separated according to their positive or negative feelings and thoughts. For example, the meaning of the words “wife” and “woman” give different impressions in the Turkish language. One is impolite while the other is polite and used out of respect. Although some words are synonymous in the Uzbek language, they are different in terms of usage and feeling. For example, xotin (woman) is generally understandable and insulting in a rude sense, while ayol (lady) is more indicative of kindness. Another example is the word “face” which gives positive senses with its synonyms of yüz (face) and çehra (feature), while aft, başara, and turqi are used in the negative sense In this article, we attempt to provide a general understanding and explanation for the differences between the concept of synonyms in the Uzbek language using the works of famous writers, stories and novels from Uzbek literature as a means to give the different meanings and uses of the words.

THE POTENTIAL AND FUTURE OF THE AGRICULTURAL SECTOR IN MARDIN: PROBLEMS AND OPPORTUNITIES

Abdürrauf AYDIN, — 2024-08-29

The agricultural sector in Mardin is the key to its role in the development of input, agriculture-based industry, and employment it creates with the inheritance from history. In scientific studies; It is known that the influence of the location / place and natural environment where the city settles is considered as an important factor in the economic formation / formation of city identities.

In this view; Mardin climatic conditions are expected to be stronger in terms of soil fertility, the 221 km long Mardin-Ceylanpınar Irrigation Main Canal in the GAP region, and the storage station in the Derik district. This will ensure the availability of reliable food and quality agricultural products that the country and the world markets need. In this study, which aims to evaluate the subject with a holistic approach, the problems and opportunities of the future will be examined.

CAREER SUPPORT FOR DISCONTINUED: OUTPLACEMENTABSTRACT

Seher UÇKUN, — 2024-08-29

Businesses make decisions about their employees due to changing internal and external environmental conditions. One of these decisions is related to the careers of employees. Human resources functions start with human resources planning. The employee continues with the process of finding and selecting. Career management is one of the human resources functions. Career management is an issue that concerns both employees and businesses. One of the tough decisions that businesses have to take is to end the employees' work. An application to facilitate this difficult process of employees is outplacement support. The support for the dismissed was first applied to the soldiers after World War II. Due to the economic crises in the world, the enterprises started to shrink and started to be implemented by the enterprises with the increase of the layoffs. n some European countries mandatory redundancy support is provided. In our country, it is seen that this support is given especially by international enterprises. The purpose of this research is to investigate the effect of this practice on the transition of the dismissed to their new careers. Furthermore, the results of the implementation of the support are evaluated for the employees and the enterprises.

REFLECTİONS OF MYTHS AND AHMET GÜNEŞTEKİN'S WORKS

Ersin SARAÇ,, Gonca Hülya YAYAN — 2024-08-29

Legends are social and cultural reflections of a society, and important verbal resources where reality and dreams sometimes meet at a common denominator. Myths on the other hand, correspond in general to narratives that are words, tales, stories and legends. There are many legends and myths in our culture that have made it to this day orally through generations from the Middle Asia to the lands of Anatolia. Legends and myths are literary expressions of imagination that get passed from one generation to another without losing the aspect of real life experience; and contain society’s view of the world, way of living, understanding of ethics, exalted values and incorporate traces of hundreds if not thousands of years. Many of our artists today have been influenced by and have used in their works the legends and myths in Turkish Mythology that are one of the important elements of our verbal culture. Artist Ahmet GÜNEŞTEKİN has also harmonized the written and oral legends and myths of Turkish Mythology that exist in the rich folk tradition of Anatolia in his works, based upon the lands of this geography that he has lived on and knows very well. In addition, the artist has also put forward unique notions with a contemporary view of art from these elements. In this work, we will try to interpret Anatolian folk culture along with the elements of Turkish Myhtology by analyzing the signs, symbols and stories in seven works of the artist Ahmet GÜNEŞTEKİN.

FROM MODERNISM TO POSTMODERNISM: THE OMBUDSMAN PARADIGMS IN THE CONTEXT OF THEORY OF GOVERNANCE IN PUBLIC ADMINISTRATION

Kadir Caner DOĞAN, — 2024-08-29

Public administration is an area of social science which can be considered as an academic discipline in the 19th century. In addition, this discipline was born in America. For this reason, public administration is associated with other social sciences, especially in terms of social science. In this respect, it is necessary to pay attention to the effective historical, cyclical, principled, discursive and theoretical dynamics in order to put public administration on a theoretical axis. In this study, it is aimed to focus on ombudsman concept in the framework of governance which is a new dimension which public administration has reached theoretically based on modernism and postmodernism. As a matter of fact, the ombudsman which can be considered as a concrete view of the governance theory and the direction of the different disciplines in the public administration are analyzed. In this context, the study aims to establish a link between the direction of the theories of public administration and the development of ombudsman in the world.

TEACHING PERSPECTIVES OF ELEMENTARY SCHOOL TEACHERS

Elif DOĞAN,, Mehmet Kaan DEMİR — 2024-08-29

The present study attempts to produce the Turkish version of “Teaching Perspectives Inventory”, developed by Daniel D. Pratt and John B. Collins (2000), and to investigate teaching perspectives of elementary school teachers in terms of gender and professional seniority (length of service) with the adapted Turkish version. The inventory consists of 45 items, which are categorized into three domains, namely “Actions”, “Intentions” and “Beliefs”. Quantitative research methods were employed for the purpose of the study. SPSS 22 and LISREL 8.80 software programs were used to analyze the obtained data. Following the translation of the English version into Turkish by a group of specialists, it was administered to 108 kindergarten, elementary school, middle school, and high school teachers and then the suitability of the data for factor analysis was examined. Later on, the factor structure of the inventory was tested by confirmatory factor analysis. 12 weeks later, the inventory was re-administered to the 108 teachers to calculate Pearson’s Product Moment Correlation Coefficient to test its reliability and Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency coefficient for the entire tool. The confirmatory factor analysis performed on the factor structure revealed that the model at stake was confirmed and valid. Cronbach’s Alpha internal consistency coefficient was calculated to be .871 for the whole inventory. On the other hand, Pearson’s correlation coefficient of the inventory was calculated to be .999 between the first and second administration. As a result, the reliability and validity of the Turkish version were confirmed. From the administration of the adapted inventory to 100 elementary school teachers in Bağcılar - Istanbul and the analyses of the perspectives (Transmission, Apprenticeship, Developmental, Nurturing, and Social Reform), it was concluded that the dominant teaching perspective of 45% of the elementary school teachers was “Nurturing”. It was also observed that only 4% adopted the “developmental” teaching perspective. Moreover, it was found out that dominant teaching perspectives significantly differed by gender and professional seniority (length of service).

A REVIEW ON POPULAR CULTURE THROUGH CONSUMPTION CULTURE AND CONSUMER BEHAVIOUR

Huri Deniz KARCI, — 2024-08-29

Since Industry Revolution it has been drawn into the process of modernisation all around the world particularly in Europe. With this process of modernisation, in which it was overstepped into mass production, consumption has been increasing rapidly beside the production which started to increase, as well. Social life has given rise to popular culture stemming from city culture. It has been understood that the concepts of “consumption”, which has been on the rise by modernistion and technological developments, and “popular culture” cannot be disconnected. Therefore, this study aims to bring definiton attempts on the concepts of popular culture and consumption into light and analse the relationship between these two concepts. To achieve this aim, a literatüre review on the definitions of popular culture concept. These definitions does not only focus on popular culture but they have also been made within the frame of the concepts of culture, high culture and subculture. Then, the definitions, which were made within the framework of consumption phenomenon, and the qualities of consumer behaviours have been analysed. maktadıreffects of popular culture on consumer behaviours have been presented with the consquences perceived in lifestyles. It has been concluded that popular culture, consumption culture and cunsumer behaviour are all connected to each other although they are examined as differeant subjects. As a phenomenon brought by culture industry necessaries’ turning into consumption products based on desire might be seen as the presentation of popular culture. A life style focusing on consuming more and more has been adopted. Various new points of sales and centers have been formed to provide more consumption. It is expected that this study in which an integrated overview is presented through consumption culture and consumer behaviour contribute to the field.

Heybeliada Degirmenburnu Old Mill And Environment Idea Project

Buket ÖZDEMİR IŞIK, — 2024-08-29

Architectural remains are works that best express the cultural values of a nation. These remains convey the history, geography, social and cultural life of a period through generations. There are many historical artifacts from ancient civilizations to the present day in Turkey, which has a large history. In order to protect these remains and to keep the cultural values alive, conservation and restoration works should be given more and the cultures in the historical process should be kept alive. This study includes the renovation and recreation project of the old mill and its surroundings located at the Heybeliada Değirmenburnu Hill in Istanbul. 3 different ideas are designed for this area. While selecting the projects, a project proposal was requested which was suitable for the natural texture of the site and which would meet the demands of the user and took into account the restoration project of the mill. Design as 3 different proposals developed and 3th proposal was chosen as an idea project which interfered the study area at least and was close to its current use.

Interaction Between Children With Special Needs and Children With Normal Development in Pre-School Classes with Inclusive Education and the Duties of Teachers to Increase Interaction

Fatma Betül ŞENOL,, Emine Nilgün METİN — 2024-08-29

Developments and changes in current life conditions enable children to meet with educational institutions at early ages and have an education together with their peers. This enables the strengthening of interaction between children, development of peer relationships and supports social emotional development. The development of interaction and peer relationships is important to children with normal development as well as children with special needs. The strongest interaction between children with special needs and children with normal development can be achieved in the education environment with inclusive education. Increasing the interaction of children positively effects their academic and social gains. Interaction of children with special needs with their peers, their position among their peers and structure of peer relationship effects their orientation to school in future education periods. The pre-school period is a critical period where children start to form attitudes towards individuals with different properties and develop interaction skills. Therefore, by considering factors that affect interaction between teachers and children, it is important to conduct studies to strengthen and support interaction between children. To develop interaction and friendly relationships between children with special needs and children with normal development, there is need to meet multiple opportunities planned by teachers in the class environment. Teachers must have the sensitive balance to help support interaction and standing one step back. Such that teachers must facilitate children’s interaction with planning, avoid interruptions and avoid taking control. This way, plans that include all children and strategies developed to increase interaction affects the interaction of children with special needs and positively contribute to peer relationships by increasing social acceptance. This way, a sense of belonging of children with special needs develops in the class. Accordingly, in this study interaction between children with special needs and children with normal development and the duties of teachers to increase this interaction will be interpreted and explained in this study.

Tibbi Araştirmalarda İstatistiksel Yöntem Seçimi

Özgür EROĞLU,; Selçuk YÜKSEL , Serdar YÜKSEL — 2024-08-29

In medical research, statistics are usually used for data collection, summarizing data with tables and graphs, interpreting the obtained data, explaining the degree of confidence in the results obtained from experiments, observations or cases, generalizing these results to the population, making predictions about the future and identifying the relationships between the categories. Data from case studies, surgeries, experimental animals and assays from medical studies are often small, difficult to obtain and costly. Therefore, the good results of the planned research should be evaluated with the appropriate statistical analysis of the valuable data obtained from these sources. For this reason, in this study, the “statistical method selection algorithm, which provides the decision of the statistical methods suitable for the interpretation of the obtained data, is shoved the procedure. Appropriate analysis and interpretation of the data with the decision algorithm will prevent labor, time and material losses, and result in the conclusion of the studies in a suitable way.

“Reading” As A Tool Of Realizing Existence In Patrick Suskind’s Short Stories “Maître Mussard's Bequest” And “Amnesie In Litteris”

Didem YAYAN, — 2024-08-29

Patrick Süskind is one of the most extraordinary writers of German literature, who refused to give any interviews and refuse awards given to him and one of the most important writers of German literature, with his works written in his unique style. “Three Stories and a Reflection”, published in 1995, contains four short stories. “Maître Mussard's Bequest”, one of these stories, contains the last words of the dying jeweler craftsman, Mr. Mussard, about the meaning of existence. Mr. Mussard, who has read many books throughout his life, has finally discovered the painful truth about the meaning and the end of the life. According to this, “the world is a mercilessly closing mussel shell”. In this study, we will try to understand the role of reading as a guiding act for Mr. Mussard to achieve his conclusive determination of the meaning of existence, with the help of the story “Amnesie in litteris”, another story in the work “Three Stories and a Reflection”

According To The Perception Of The Ministry Of Finance Workers The Relationship Between Organizational Culture And Burnout

Semra TETİK, — 2024-08-29

Aim of this study, the relationship between organizational culture and burnout among finace ministry officers is to examine. The sample of the study is composed of 73 financial personnel working in the tax office and the directorate of the goods in Salihli District of Manisa. In this study, relational screening model is used and it is a condition determination. the data were collected with Maslach Burnout Scale and Organizational Culture Scale. According to the perception of the Ministry of Finance workers, organizational culture levels were found to be high and burnout levels moderate. Between organizational culture sub-dimensions and burnout sub-dimensions were determined negative and significant correlations at various levels. The strongest relationship was found between organizational identity and emotional exhaustion. The weakest relationship was found between the organizational structure and the sense of personal accomplishment.

Central Bank's Reserve Option Mechanism (ROM) Applications, Efficiency Against Money and Exchange Rate

Hüseyin TEZER, — 2024-08-29

Reserve Option Mechanism, which the CBRT has started to use since 2010; is an application that allows banks to use a certain percentage of the Turkish Lira required reserves they are required to keep in the Central Bank as foreign currency or gold. Thus, the banks gain flexibility in Turkish Lira reserve requirements and increase their foreign exchange reserves. Reserve Option Mechanism (ROM), which is supposed to function as an automatic balancer in money and foreign exchange markets, also allows the Central Bank to control exchange rate volatility in domestic markets. Reserve Option Mechanism is also believed to have the power to control exchange rate volatility and interest rates in the markets at the same time of inward or outward capital flows. In this study, the effect of the Reserve Option Mechanism, which has been implemented by CBRT since 2010, on the money, exchange rate and interest rates in the Turkish Economy will be discussed.

Farklılıklarin Öğretimi: İlkokul Öğretmenlerinin Çokkültürlü Çocuk Kitapları Kullanımı Hakkında Düşünceleri ve Deneyimleri

Yahya Han ERBAŞ, — 2024-08-29

Diversity in the US is rapidly growing and as such, teachers are being faced with increasingly diverse classrooms. Culturally relevant teaching focuses on the representation of different cultures in schools and provides information about the cultures (Jeffy&, Cooper, 2011). Within this framework, using multicultural literature and the books related to diverse issues become more important than ever. The purpose of the study was to determine teachers’ opinions and experiences on the use of multicultural children’s literature for supporting multiculturalism. For this study, I interviewed four elementary teachers, referred to by the pseudonym within the study, who are currently working in elementary classrooms in public schools in the United States. For this study, the data were collected from the interviews with semi-structured and open-ended questions. According to the findings, teaching religious, linguistic and cultural differences are the main objects that the teachers plan on teaching multiculturalism. Another finding says that positive representation of others’ cultures is a necessary part of their diverse classrooms.

Examination Of The Signs Of Autism Spectrum Disorder In Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder

Hacer Gizem DEMİR,; Börte Gürbüz ÖZGÜR; Sibelnur AVCİL , KARAKOÇ DEMİRKAYA — 2024-08-29

Objective: This study was conducted to investigate autistic symptoms of children aged 6-14 years with ADHD. Method: The Social Response Scale (SCQ) and the Autism Spectrum Questionnaire (OSA) applied to the patient and control groups were compared with the autistic symptoms. Sociodemographic Information Form was used for the evaluation of children. Results: The SCO score of the ADHD group was higher than that of the healthy control group. As a result of the analysis, it was found that social, language, core, OA, OA social, attention shifting, attention to detail, communication and imagination subtypes were higher than ADHD group health control group, respectively. OSA total score and the total score of SCO and language, the first word and sentence to find out whether there is a relationship between the result of the coralation OSA score was found to decrease as the age progresses. In both the clinical sample and the epidemiological sample, ADHD was more common in males than in females. Conclusion: Most of the studies showed that ADHD attention deficit was more common than other subtypes; Attention-deficit dominant type was observed to be followed by ADHD combined type and ADHD hyperactivity-impulsivity dominant type, respectively. It was determined that all 3 subtypes were more common in boys than girls.

A Holy Hindu Figure: Sathya Sai Baba

Necati SÜMER, — 2024-08-29

The concept of sacred is important in the history of religions. Sacred is not earthly. Human, article or object are the phenomena that fall into the sacred category. Religious founders, saints and other religious persons are the people who fall within the scope of the holy concept. In this context, Sathya Sai Baba is a person who is attributed holiness to him by Hindus in India. There are many reasons why Sathya Sai Baba is considered sacred. He has been favored by putting love, compassion and solidarity on the basis of his teaching. His mystical journey began with a sacred journey over India. Sai Baba has reached a serious audience with his Sufism movement based on Hinduism and influenced by Islam. It has shown that it gives importance to cooperation and solidarity through foundations. It is a principle to meet the material and spiritual needs of people. Within this framework, it established hospitals, schools and associations both in India and abroad. These services provided the Sai Baba movement to spread and root. This study aims to focus on the life and teachings of Sathya Sai Baba as a religious figure. Within this scope, in the context of the concept of sacred, its life and teachings have been tried to be handled by the works of Sai Baba and his followers.

Trade Wars and Macroeconomic Effects

İlhan KARAYEL, — 2024-08-29

This study examines the concept and potential macroeconomic impacts of trade wars which has increasingly become popular n recent years, and analyses the hypothetical case of trade wars between the US, China and Mexico. First of all, the theoretical framework of the study is linked to the literature in protectionism and strategic foreign trade policy. In line with this, in the first part of our study an evaluation of free trade and protectionist foreign policy theories, and the basic tools of these policies has been made. In the second part of the study, the protectionist policies implemented by the governments within the framework of strategic foreign trade policy, and their basic tools and methods have been clarified. New approaches to protectionist foreign trade policies, especially after globalization, and pro-welfare tendencies by exploiting protectionist policies in the direction of different objectives have been examined. In the third and final part of the study, the assumption-based trade wars initiated by the US with China and Mexico were analyzed under the case study. The three basic scenarios and retaliatory behaviors used in this analysis are the US to initiate a unilateral trade war, the parties to carry out a bilateral trade war, and an reaching optimal tariff in the direction of the Nash equilibrium. The main results of the work is that trade wars will not lead to any increase in welfare, including for the initiating side of trade wars, but rather to a considerable loss of welfare. It has also been found that the one with the larger economy can make a profit in the trade war and the optimal tariffs provided by the Nash equilibrium is the least costly scenario in terms of welfare loss.