Psikolojik Sahiplenme İle Müşteri Odaklıdavranışlar Arasındaki İlişkide Örgüt Temelli Özsaygının Aracılık Etkisi
Author :
Abstract
Fiziksel kaynakların rakipler tarafından kolayca taklit edilebildiği günümüz iş dünyasında, rekabet üstünlüğünün sürdürülebilir kılınmasının yegâne yolu sahip olunan insan kaynağını etkin ve verimli bir şekilde kullanmaktan geçmektedir. Bütün sektörler için geçerli olan bu durum, hizmet sektöründe faaliyet gösteren işletmelerde daha yoğun hissedilmektedir. Bu gerçeğe paralel olarak, son dönemde yönetim ve örgütsel davranış literatüründe, çalışanların performansını artıracak değişkenler üzerine yapılan çalışmalarda artış gözlemlenmektedir. Bu çalışmalarda dile getirilen ortak paydalardan birisi, günümüz iş dünyasında örgütsel performansın artırılması ve örgütsel hedeflerin gerçekleştirilmesi sürecinde,görev tanımlarında yer almayan ve sergilenmesi gönüllülük esasına dayanan müşteri odaklı davranışların artan önemidir. Bu tür davranışların sergilenmesi bir takım öncüllerin varlığını gerektirmektedir. Bu çalışma, psikolojik sahiplenme ile müşteri odaklı davranışlar arasındaki ilişkide örgüt temelli özsaygının aracılık etkisini test etmek amacıyla gerçekleştirilmiştir. Veriler anket tekniği kullanılarak, turizm sektörü çalışanlarından oluşan bir örneklemden derlenmiştir. Analizler sonucunda, araştırmanın tüm değişkenleri arasında anlamlı ve pozitif yönlü ilişkilerin bulunduğu tespit edilmiştir. Ayrıca araştırma bulguları, örgüt temelli özsaygının psikolojik sahiplenme ile müşteri odaklı davranışlar arasındaki ilişkide tam aracılık etkisine sahip olduğunu göstermektedir. Araştırma bulgularının, araştırmacılar ve uygulayıcılar açısından bir takım katkılar sağlayacağı umulmaktadır.
Keywords
Abstract
In today's business world where physical resources can be easily imitated by competitors, the only way to make competitive advantage sustainable is to use the human resources effectively and efficiently. This situation, which is valid for all sectors, is felt more intensively in the enterprises operating in the service sector. In parallel with this fact, there has been an increase in the literature on management and organizational behavior literature on the variables that will improve the performance of employees. One of the common denominators expressed in these studies is the increasing importance of volunteer-based customer-oriented behaviors that are not included in the job descriptions in the process of increasing organizational performance and achieving organizational goals in today's business world. The demonstration of such behavior requires the presence of a number of premises. This study was conducted to test the mediating effect of organizational self-esteem in the relationship between psychological ownership and customer-oriented behaviors. Data were collected from a sample of tourism sector employees using the survey technique. As a result of the analysis, it was found that there were significant and positive relationships between all variables of the study. In addition, the findings of the research show that organizational self-esteem has a full mediating effect on the relationship between psychological ownership and customer-oriented behaviors. It is hoped that the research findings will make some contributions for researchers and practitioners.
Keywords
- Akyüz, M. (2018). Duygusal Emek Örgüt Temelli Öz-Saygı ve Yaşam Tatminini Etkiler mi?. İşletme Araştırmaları Dergisi, 10(4), 170-186.
- Anderson, J.C. ve Gerbing, D.W. (1988), “Structural Equation Modeling in Practice: A Review and Recommended Two-step Approach”, Psychological Bulletin, Vol. 103 No. 3, pp. 411-423.
- Asatryan, V. S. ve Oh, H. (2008), “Psychological Ownership Theory: An Exploratory Application in There Staurant Industry”, Journal of Hospitality&Tourism Research, 32(3), pp. 363-386.
- Avey, J. B.,Avolio, B. J., Crossley, C. D. ve Luthans, F. (2009), “Psychological Ownership: Theoretical Extensions, Measurement and Relation to Work Outcomes”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 30(2), pp. 173-191.
- Bambale, A. J. A. (2013), The Mediating Effect of Psychological Ownership on the Relationship Between Servant Leadership and Organizational Citizenship Behaviors in Kano, Nigeria, Doctoral Dissertation, Universiti Utara, Malaysia.
- Baron, R. M. ve Kenny, D. A. (1986), “The Moderator-Mediator Variable Distinction in Social Psychological Research: Conceptual, Strategic, and Statistical Considerations”, Journal of Personalityand Social Psychology, 51(6), pp. 1173-1182.
- Bekmezci, M. ve Yıldız, B. (2019). Babacan Liderlik Psikolojik Sahipliği Nasıl Etkilemektedir? Kolektif Şükranın Aracı Rolü. İstanbul Ticaret Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Dergisi, 18(35), 309-324.
- Bettencourt, L. A. ve Brown, S. W. (1997), “Contact Employees: Relationships Among Workplace Fairness, Job Satisfaction and Prosocial Service Behaviors”, Journal of Retailing, 73(1), pp. 39-61.
- Bowen, N.K. and Guo, S. (2011), Structural Equation Modeling, Oxford University Press, New York.
- Bowling, N. A.,Eschleman, K. J., Wang, Q., Kirkendall, C. ve Alarcon, G. (2010), “A Meta‐Analysis of the Predictors and Consequences of Organization‐Based Self‐Esteem”, Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 83(3), pp. 601-626.
- Byrne, B.M. (2016), Structural Equation Modeling with Amos: Basic Concepts, Applications, and
- Chen, Z. X., Aryee, S. ve Lee, C. (2005). Test of a Mediation Model of Perceived Organizational Support. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 66(3), 457-470.
- Cheung, M. W. - L. (2007). Comparison of Approaches to Constructing Confidence Intervals for Mediating Effects Using Structural Equation Models. Structural Equation Modeling, 14, pp. 227–246
- Cheung, G. W. Ve Lau, R. S. (2008). Testing Mediation and Suppression Effects of Latent Variables. Organizational Research Methods, 11, pp. 296-325.
- Çetin, F., Şeşen, H. ve Basım, H. N. (2012), “Örgüt Kültürünün Rol Ötesi Olumlu Davranışlara Olan Etkisi: Örgütsel Bağlılığın Aracı Değişken Rolü”, Doğuş Üniversitesi Dergisi, 13(2), ss. 197-211.
- Diamantopoulos, A. ve Siguaw, J.A. (2000), Introducing Lısrel: A Guide for the Uninitiated. Sage Publications, London.
- Du, L. ve Huang, Y. (2012), “The Impact of Organization-Based Self-esteem on Organization Citizenship Behavior: Traditionality as Moderator”. Journal of Communication and Computer, 9, pp 11101115.
- Ferris, D. L.,Lian, H., Brown, D. J., Pang, F. X. ve Keeping, L. M. (2010), “Self‐Esteemand Job Performance: The Moderating Role of Self‐Esteem Contingencies”, Personnel Psychology, 63(3), pp. 561-593.
- Fornell, C. ve Larcker, D.F. (1981), “Evaluating Structural Equation Models with Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 18 No. 1, pp. 39-50.
- Gardner, D. G.,Huang, G. H., Niu, X., Pierce, J. L. ve Lee, C. (2015), “Organization‐Based Self‐Esteem, Psychological Contract Fulfillment, and Perceived Employment Opportunities: A Test of Self‐ Regulatory Theory”, Human Resource Management, 54(6), pp. 933-953.
- Ghosh, S. K. (2016), “Linking Perceived Organizational Support to Organizational Identification: Role of OrganizationBased Self-Esteem”, Contemporary Management Research, 12(2), pp. 225-243.
- Güney, S.,Akalın, Ç., ve İlsev, A. (2007). Duygusal Örgütsel Bağlılık Gelişiminde Algılanan Örgütsel Destek ve Örgüt Temelli Öz-Saygı. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 25(2), 189-211.
- Hair, J.F, Black, W.C, Babin, B.J. ve Anderson, R.E. (2013), Multivariate Data Analysis: Pearson New International Edition, 7th ed.,Pearson Education Limited, Essex.
- Han, T.,Chiang, H. ve Chiang, C. (2013). “The Investigation of the Relation Between Person-organization fit, Person-job fit, Psychologicalownership, and Contextual Performance: A Longitudinal Approach”, In Proceedings of the International Symposium on Marketing, Logistics, and Business (MLB), September 24-26, Nagoya, Japan.
- Hayes, A. F. (2013). Introduction to Mediation, Moderation, and Conditional Process Analysis: A Regression-Based Approach. New York: Guilford Press.
- Jafri, M. H. (2016), “Influence of Psychological Ownership on Psychological Contract Breach”, The International Journal of IndianPsychology, 3(2), pp. 150-160.
- Karadal, H. ve Akyazı, T. E. (2015), “Psikolojik Sahiplenme ile Etik Olmayan Örgüt Yanlısı Davranışlar Arasındaki İlişkinin Analizi Üzerinde Aksaray İlinde Bir Araştırma”, 3. Örgütsel Davranış Kongresi, 5-8 Kasım, Gaziosmanpaşa Üniversitesi İİBF İşletme Bölümü, Tokat.
- Kline, R.B. (2011), Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, 3rd ed., Guilford Press. New York.
- Kline, R.B. (2016), Principles and Practice of Structural Equation Modeling, 4th ed., Guilford Press, New
- Ledermann, T. ve Macho, S. (2009). Mediation in Dyadic Data at the Level of the Dyads: A Structural Equation Modeling Approach. Journal of Family Psychology, 23(5), pp. 661-670.
- Liu, J.,Wang, H., Hui, C. ve Lee, C. (2012). Psychologicalownership: How havingcontrolmatters. Journal of Management Studies, 49(5), 869-895.
- MacKinnon, D. P. (2008). Introduction to Statistical Mediation Analysis. Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum.
- MacKinnon , D. P., Lockwood, C. M., ve Williams, J. (2004). Confidence Limits for the Indirect Effect:
- Marks, S. J., ve Davis, J. (2012), “Does User ParticipationLeadto Sense of Ownership for Rural Water Systems? Evidencefrom Kenya”, World Development, 40(8), pp. 1569-1576.
- Mathur, R. ve Lakhotia, C. (2014). Psychological Ownership and Its Relationship with Employee Attitudes and Behaviours. Journal of Positive Psychology, 3(2), 176-181.
- Mayhew, M. G.,Ashkanasy, N. M., Bramble, T., ve Gardner, J. (2007), “A Study of the Antecedents and Consequences of Psychological Ownership in Organizational Settings”, The Journal of Social Psychology, 147(5), pp 477-500.
- Nakip, M. (2004), Pazarlama Araştırmalarına Giriş (SPSS Destekli), Seçkin Yayıncılık, Ankara.
- O’driscoll, M. P., Pierce, J. L., ve Coghlan, A. M. (2006), “The Psychology of Ownership Work Environmentstructure, Organizational Commitment, and Citizenship Behaviors”, Group&Organization Management, 31(3), pp. 388-416.
- Oflazoğlu, S. ve Sabah, Ş. (2016). Travmatik Süreçlerde Yaşanan Sahiplik Kayıpları Ve Benlik Aşınması. Dokuz Eylul University Journal of Graduate School of Social Sciences, 18(2), 319-341.
- Ogunleye, A. J., Samuel, O., Olawa, B. D., ve Osagu, J. C. (2014), “Relationship Between Organizational Based Self-EsteemAndOrganizationalCitizenshipBehaviorAmongSelectedSecondary School Teachers in AdoEkiti, Nigeria”, British Journal of PsychologyResearch, 2(2), pp. 26-32.
- Ötken, A. B. (2015). Algılanan Örgütsel Destek Ve Psikolojik Sahiplenme Arasındaki İlişki Ve Bu İlişkide Örgütsel Adaletin Rolü. Hacettepe Üniversitesi İktisadi ve İdari Bilimler Fakültesi Dergisi, 33(2), 113-140.
- Pan, X. F., Qin, Q. ve Gao, F. (2014), “Psychological Ownership, Organization-based Self-Esteem and Positive Organizational Behaviors”, Chinese Management Studies, 8(1), pp. 127-148.
- Pierce, J. L.,Gardner, D. G., Cummings, L. L., ve Dunham, R. B. (1989), “Organization-Based Self- Esteem: Construct Definition, Measurement, andValidation”, Academy of Management Journal, 32(3), pp. 622-648.
- Pierce, J. L. ve Gardner, D. G. (2004), “Self-Esteem with in the Work and Organizational Context: A Review of the Organization-Based Self-EsteemLiterature”, Journal of Management, 30(5), pp. 591
- Pierce, J. L. ve Jussila, I. (2011), Psychological Ownership and the Organizational Context: Theory, Research Evidence, and Application, Edward Elgar Publishing, Massachusetts.
- Pierce, J. L. ve Rodgers, L. (2004), “The Psychology of Ownership and Worker-Owner Productivity”, Group&Organization Management, 29(5), pp. 588-613.
- Podsakoff, P.M. ve Mackenzie, S.B. (1997), “Impact of Organizational Citizenship Behavior on Organizational Performance: A Review and Suggestions for Future Research”, Human Performance, Vol.10, pp.133-151.
- Preacher, K. J. ve Hayes, A. F. (2004). SPSS and SAS Procedures for Estimating Indirect Effects in Simple Mediation Models. Behavior Research Methods, Instruments, and Computers, 36, pp. 717
- Preacher, K. J. ve Hayes, A. F. (2008). Asymptotic and Resampling Strategies for Assessing and Comparing Indirect Effects in Multiple Mediator Models. Behavior Research Methods, 40, pp. 879-891.
- Ramos, H. M., Man, T. W. Y., Mustafa, M., ve Ng, Z. Z. (2014). Psychological Ownership in Small Family Firms: Family and Non-family Employees’ Work Attitudes and Behaviours. Journal of Family Business Strategy, 5(3), pp. 300-311.
- Schermelleh-Engel, K., Moosbrugger, H. ve Müller, H. (2003), “Evaluating the Fit of Structural Equation models: Tests of Significance and Descriptive Goodness-of-fit Measures”, Methods of Psychological Research Online, Vol. 8 No. 2, pp. 23-74.
- Schumacker, R.E. ve Lomax, R.G. (2016), A Beginner's Guide to Structural Equation Modeling, 4th ed., Routledge Psychology Press, New York.
- Sekiguchi, T.,Burton, J. P. ve Sablynski, C. J. (2008). The Role of Job Embeddedness on Employee Performance: The Interactive Effects with Leader-member Exchange and Organization-based Self Esteem. Personnel Psychology, 61(4), 761–792.
- Somech, A. ve Drach-Zahavy, A. (2000), “UnderstandingExtra-Role Behavior in Schools: The Relationships Between Job Satisfaction, Sense of Efficacy, and Teachers’ Extra-role Behavior”, Teaching and Teacher Education, 16(5), pp. 649-659.
- Tang, T. L. P. ve Ibrahim, A. H. S. (1998), “Antecedents of Organizational Citizenship Behavior Revisited: Public Personnel in the United Statesand in the Middle East”, Public Personnel Management, 27(4), pp. 529-550.
- Ucar, Z. (2016). Kontrol Algısı-Psikolojik Sahiplenme İlişkisi Üzerinde Algılanan Aşırı Vasıflılığın Düzenleyicilik Etkisi. International Journal of Applied Business and Management Studies, 1(1),
- Van Dyne, L., Vandewelle, D., Kostova, T., Latman, M. E., ve Cummings, L. L. (2000), “Collectivism, PropensitytoTrustand Self-Esteem as Predictors of Organizational Citizenship in a Non-Work Setting”, Journal of OrganizationalBehavior, 21, pp. 3-23.
- Van Dyne, L. ve Pierce, J. L. (2004), “Psychological Ownership and Feelings of Possession: Three Field Studies Predicting Employee Attitudes and Organizational Citizenship Behavior”, Journal of Organizational Behavior, 25(4), pp. 439-459.
- Vandewalle, D., Van Dyne, L., ve Kostova, T. (1995), “Psychological Ownership: An Empirical Examination of its Consequences”, Group&Organization Management, 20(2), pp. 210-226.
- Williams, J. Ve MacKinnon, D. P. (2008). Resampling and Distribution of the Product Methods for Testing Indirect Effects in Complex Models. Structural Equation Modeling, 15, pp. 23–51
- Wang, L.,Law, K. S., Zhang, M. J., Li, Y. N., ve Liang, Y. (2018). It’s mine! Psychological Ownership of One’s Job Explains Positive and negative Work Place Out Comes of Job Engagement. Journal of AppliedPsychology.
- Yüner, B. (2018). Örgüt Temelli Öz Saygı İle Duygusal Örgütsel Bağlılığa İlişkin Öğretmen Görüşleri. Ankara Üniversitesi Eğitim Bilimleri Fakültesi Özel Eğitim Dergisi, 19(4), 777-799.
- Yürür, S. ve Mengenci, C. (2014). Örgütsel Adalet Ve Ekstra-Rol Davranışları İlişkisi. Yönetim ve Ekonomi Araştırmaları Dergisi, 12(24), 1-17.
- Yürür, S., Keser, A. ve Mengenci, C. (2014). Örgütsel Adalet ve Ekstra-Rol Davranışları İlişkisi. 1. Örgütsel Davranış Kongresi, s. 314-318. Sakarya Üniversitesi İşletme Fakültesi, 15-16 Kasım, Sakarya.
- Zhu, Y. (2016), “Organization-Based Self-Esteem Effects Employees Exchange Relationship Perceptions and Extra-role Behavior”, Social Behavior and Personality, 44(3), pp. 509-518
