Değişen Beslenme Alışkanlıkları Perspektifinde Takviye Edici Gıdalar: Tüketiciler Ne Kadar Bilinçli?

Author :  

Year-Number: 2019-51
Language : null
Konu :
Number of pages: 6866-6882
Mendeley EndNote Alıntı Yap

Abstract

Bu çalışmada toplumdaki bireylerin değişen yaşam biçimleriyle beraber farklılaşan beslenme alışkanlarının potansiyel bir sonucu olan takviye edici gıdalara yönelim ele alınmıştır. Takviye edici gıdaların kapsamı, potansiyel fayda ve zararları ve tüketicilerin kullanım sebepleri, planlı davranış teorisi ve sağlık inanç modeli temelinde araştırılmıştır. Ardından, Dünya’da ve Türkiye’de takviye edici gıdaların kullanımı, pazarlanma stratejileri ve pazarın büyüklüğü irdelenmiştir. Çalışmanın amacı takviye edici gıdaların ne olduğu, bireyler arasında giderek artan bir kullanım oranına sahip olmasına yönelik sebepleri, pazardaki tüketicilerin bilgi kaynaklarını ve fiyat hassasiyetlerine yönelik değerlendirmelerini anlamlandırmak ve bu konuda gerçekten bilinçli olarak hareket edip etmediğine yönelik çıkarımları ortaya koymaktır. Çalışma kapsamında kalitatif araştırma teknikleri kullanılarak odak grup çalışması gerçekleştirilmiş ve edinilen bilgiler yorumlanmıştır.

Keywords

Abstract

In this study, dietary supplements orientation that is a potential consequence of dietary habits differentiating with the changing lifestyles of the individuals in the society was discussed. The context of dietary supplements, potential benefits and damages and the reasons for the usage were investigated based on theory of planned behavior and health belief model. Subsequently, size of the market, marketing strategies and the usage of dietary supplements in the world and Turkey were analyzed. The purpose of the study is to explain what dietary supplements are, to understand a growing usage rate among individuals, to make sense of consumer's sources of information and price sensitivities in the market and reveal the findings about whether the consumers really act consciously on this issue. Within the scope of the study, the information gathered from the focus group work conducted using qualitative research techniques was interpreted.

Keywords


  • Ahadzadeh, A.S., Pahlevan Sharif, S., Ong, F.S. and Khong, K.W. (2015). “Integrating health belief model

  • Ahadzadeh, A.S., Pahlevan Sharif, S., Ong, F.S. and Khong, K.W. (2015). “Integrating health belief modeland technology acceptance model: an investigation of health-related Internet use”, Journal of Medical Internet Research, Vol. 17 No. 2, p. e45.

  • Ajzen I. (1991). The Theory of Planned Behaviour. Organizational Behaviour and Human Decision Processes, 50(2):179-211.

  • Arslan, P., Bozkurt, N., Karaağaoğlu, N., Mercanlıgil, S., Erge Açık, S. (2001). Yeterli- Dengeli Beslenme ve Sağlıklı Zayıflama Rehberi. Özgür Yayınları: 144, İstanbul.

  • Bailey, R.L., Gahche, J.J., Miller, P.E., Thomas, P.R. and Dwyer, J.T. (2013). “Why US adults use dietary supplements”, JAMA Internal Medicine, Vol. 173 No. 5, pp. 355-361.

  • Becker, M. (2016). Growth in Global Dietary Supplements Market Led by Asia Pacific Region,https://www.naturalproductsinsider.com/business-resources/growth-global-dietary-supplements-market- led-asia-pacific-region, erişim tarihi:26.09.2019.

  • Bertini, M., Wathieu, L. and Iyengar, S.S. (2012). “The discriminating consumer: product proliferation and willingness to pay for quality”, Journal of Marketing Research, Vol. 49 No. 1, pp. 39-49.

  • Blendon, R.J., DesRoches, C.M., Benson, J.M., Brodie, M. and Altman, D.E. (2001). “Americans’ viewson the use and regulation of dietary supplements”, Archives of Internal Medicine, Vol. 161, pp. 805-10.

  • Bulduk, S., Seher, Y., Dinçer, Y., ve Ardıç, E. (2015). Sağlık Davranışı Modelleri. Düzce Üniversitesi Sağlık Bilimleri Enstitüsü Dergisi, 5(1), 28-34.

  • Buttriss, J., (1989). "Vitamins and Minerals", Nutrition & Food Science, Vol. 89 Issue: 1, pp.7-9.

  • Chandra, A., Miller, K. and Willis, W.K. (2005). “Perceptions, attitudes and beliefs of elderly consumers towards vitamin and mineral supplements”, Journal of Medical Marketing, Vol. 5 No. 4, pp. 353-362

  • Chen, S. Y., Lin, J. R., Chen, T. H., Guo, S. G., Kao, M. D., & Pan, W. H. (2011). Dietary supplementsusage among elderly Taiwanese during 2005-2008. Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition, 20(2), 327.Conner M & Brkshire PN. (2005). Predicting health behaviour. Berkshire. McGraw-Hill Education.

  • Conner, M., Kirk, S. F., Cade, J. E., & Barrett, J. H. (2001). Why do women use dietary supplements? Theuse of the theory of planned behaviour to explore beliefs about their use. Social science & medicine, 52(4), 621-633.

  • Crawford, S.Y. and Leventis, C. (2005). “Herbal product claims: boundaries of marketing and science”, Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 22 No. 7, pp. 432-436.

  • De Gregorio, F. and Sung, Y. (2010). “Understanding attitudes toward and behaviors in response to product placement”, Journal of Advertising, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 83-96.

  • De Jong, N., Ocké, M. C., Branderhorst, H. A., & Friele, R. (2003). Demographic and lifestylecharacteristics of functional food consumers and dietary supplement users. British Journal of Nutrition, 89(02), 273-281.

  • DeLorme, D.E., Huh, J., Reid, L.N. and An, S. (2012). “Dietary supplement advertising in the US: a review and research agenda”, International Journal of Advertising, Vol. 31 No. 3, pp. 547-577.

  • Diallo, M.F. (2012). “Effects of store image and store brand price-image on store brand purchase intention:application to an emerging market”, Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, Vol. 19 No. 3, pp. 360- 367.

  • Dickinson, A., Blatman, J., El-Dash, N. and Franco, J.C. (2014). “Consumer usage and reasons for usingdietary supplements: report of a series of surveys”, Journal of the American College of Nutrition, Vol. 33 No. 2, pp. 176-182.

  • Eliason, M.J., Eichner, A., Cancio, A., Bestervelt, L., Adams, B.D. and Deuster, P.A. (2012). “Casereports: death of active duty soldiers following ingestion of dietary supplements containing 1, 3- dimethylamylamine (DMAA)”, Military Medicine, Vol. 177 No. 12, pp. 1455-1459.

  • Ervin, R. B, Wright, J. D. and Kennedy-Stephenson, J. (1999). Use of dietary supplements in the UnitedStates, 1988–94.Vital and Health Statistics—Series 11: Data from the National Health Survey, 244, i–iii, 1–14.

  • Fain, K.M. and Alexander, G.C. (2014). “Mind the gap: understanding the effects of pharmaceutical direct- to-consumer advertising”, Medical Care, Vol. 52 No. 4, p. 291.

  • France, K.R. and Bone, P.F. (2005). “Policy makers’ paradigms and evidence from consumer interpretations of dietary supplement labels”, Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 39 No. 1, pp. 27-51.

  • Gazete Vatan. (2016).Gıda takviyesi nasıl ve ne zaman alınmalı? http://www.gazetevatan.com/gida- takviyesi-nasil-ve-ne-zaman-alinmali--960496-pazar-vatan/, erişim tarihi:25.09.2019.

  • Gordon, N.P. and Schaffer, D.M. (2005). “Use of dietary supplements by female seniors in large Northern California health plan”, BMC Geriatrics, Vol. 5 No. 1, pp. 1-10.

  • Gould, S.J. (1988). “Consumer attitudes toward health and health care: a differential perspective”, Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 22 No. 1, pp. 96-118.

  • Gould, S.J. (1990). “Health consciousness and health behavior: the application of a new health consciousness scale”, American Journal of Preventive Medicine, Vol. 6 No. 4, pp. 228-237.

  • Griffiths, J. C. (2017). ABD’de Takviye Edici Gıdalara Yönelik Düzenlemeyi Güçlendirmeyi Amaçlayan Kayıt Sistemi, Gıda Takviyesi ve Beslenme Derneği, Gıda ve Beslenme Dergisi, Ekim, sayı:1, 18-20.

  • GTBD. (2018). Türkiye’de Gıda Takviyesi. 3 Aylık Gıda, Beslenme ve Sağlık Sektörü Dergisi, (Ed.Sağlam A.) Anıl Matbaası, Yıl: 1 Sayı: 2, Nisan, Ankara, http://gtbd.org.tr/wp-content/uploads/2018/04/G%C4%B1da-ve-Beslenme-Dergisi-say%C4%B1-2.pdf, erişim tarihi: 26.08.2019.

  • GTBD: Gıda Takviyesi ve Beslenme Derneği. (2019).Vitamin ve Mineraller, https://gtbd.org.tr/vitamin-ve- mineraller/ ,erişim tarihi: 24.09.2019.

  • Haber Türk. (2013). Vitamin ve takviyeler işe yaramıyor mu?https://www.haberturk.com/polemik/haber/905114-vitamin-ve-takviyeler-ise-yaramiyor-mu, erişim tarihi: 25.09.2019.

  • Halsted, C. H. (2003). Dietary supplements and functional foods: 2 sides of a coin?. The American journal of clinical nutrition, 77(4), 1001-1007.

  • Hayden, J. (2009). Motivation and behavior change. In: DeYoung S, editor. Teaching strategies for nurse educators. New Jersey: Pearson Education, p. 44- 53.

  • Homer, P. M., Mukherjee, S. (2018). "The impact of dietary supplement form and dosage on perceived efficacy", Journal of Consumer Marketing, Vol. 35 Issue: 2, pp.228-238.

  • Hong, H. (2009). Scale Development for Measuring Health Consciousness: Reconceptualization. 12thAnnual International Public Relations Research Conference, Holiday Inn University of Miami Coral Gables, Florida.

  • Hwang, J. and Cranage, D. (2010). “Customer health perceptions of selected fast-food restaurantsaccording to their nutritional knowledge and health consciousness”, Journal of Foodservice Business Research, Vol. 13 No. 2, pp. 68-84.

  • Kavas, A. (2000). Sağlıklı Yaşam İçin Doğru Beslenme. Birinci Baskı, Ankara.

  • Kiesel, K. and Villas-Boas, S.B. (2013). “Can information costs affect consumer choice? Nutritional labelsin a supermarket experiment”, International Journal of Industrial Organization, Vol. 31 No. 2, pp. 153-163.Kraft, K. (2009). “Complementary/alternative medicine in the context of prevention of disease and maintenance of health”, Preventive Medicine, Vol. 49 No. 2, pp. 88-92.

  • Liu, Y., Doucette, W.R., Farris, K.B. and Nayakankuppam, D. (2005). “Drug information-seeking intentionand behavior after exposure to direct-to-consumer advertisement of prescription drugs”, Research in Social and Administrative Pharmacy, Vol. 1 No. 1, pp. 251-269.

  • Main, K.J., Argo, J.J. and Huhmann, B.A. (2004). “Pharmaceutical advertising in the USA: information or influence?” International Journal of Advertising, Vol. 23 No. 1, pp. 119-141.

  • Marketing Türkiye. (2017). Beyaz yakalıların yaşam ve beslenme haritası çıkarıldı,https://www.marketingturkiye.com.tr/haberler/beyaz-yakalilarin-yasam-ve-beslenme-haritasi-cikarildi/, erişim tarihi: 19.09.2019.

  • Mason, M.J. and Scammon, D.L. (2011). “Unintended consequences of health supplement informationregulations: the importance of recognizing consumer motivations”, Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 45 No. 2, pp. 201-223.

  • Maughan, R.J., King, D.S. and Lea, T. (2004). “Dietary supplements”, Journal of Sports Sciences, Vol. 22Moorman, C. and Matulich, E. (1993). “A model of consumers’ preventive health behaviors: the role of health motivation and health ability”, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 20 No. 2, pp. 208-228.

  • Newsom, J.T., McFarland, B.H., Kaplan, M.S., Huguet, N. and Zani, B. (2005). “The health consciousnessmyth: implications of the near independence of major health behaviors in the North American populations”, Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 60 No. 2, pp. 433-437.

  • Niazi, G.S.K., Siddiqui, J., Alishah, B. and Hunjra, A.I. (2012). “Effective advertising and its influence onconsumer buying behavior”, Information Management and Business Review, Vol. 4 No. 3, pp. 114-119.

  • Pekcan G. (2016). Bölüm III: Çeşitli yaşam dönemlerinde beslenme. Yaşam sürecinde sık görülenbeslenme sorunları. Beslenmenin Esasları ve Sağlığın Korunmasında Beslenme (Ed. Özenoğlu A.) Hatiboğlu Yayınevi. 611-663.

  • Peters, E., Klein, W., Kaufman, A., Meilleur, L. and Dixon, A. (2013). “More is not always better:intuitions about effective public policy can lead to unintended consequences”, Social Issues and Policy Review, Vol. 7 No. 1, pp. 114-148.

  • Petty, R.E. and Cacioppo, J.T. (1984). “The effects of involvement on responses to argument quantity andquality: central and peripheral routes to persuasion”, Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, Vol. 46Petty, R.E., Cacioppo, J.T. and Schumann, D. (1983). “Central and peripheral routes to advertisingeffectiveness: the moderating role of involvement”, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 10 No. 2, pp. 136- 146.

  • Quinones, R.L., Winsor, R.D., Patino, A. and Hoffman, P. (2013). “The regulation of dietary supplementswithin the United States: flawed attempts at mending a defective consumer safety mechanism”, Journal of Consumer Affairs, Vol. 47 No. 2, pp. 328-357.

  • Rao, V.R. and Sattler, H. (2003). “Measurement of price effects with conjoint analysis: separatinginformational and allocative effects of price”, in Gustafson, A., Hermann, A. and Huber, F. (Eds), Conjoint Measurement: Methods and Applications, Springer-Verlag, Heidelberg, pp. 47-66.

  • Samper, A. and Schwartz, J.A. (2012). “Price inferences for sacred versus secular goods: changing theprice of medicine influences perceived health risk”, Journal of Consumer Research, Vol. 39 No. 4, pp. 1343-1358.

  • Sheeran, P. and Abraham, C. (1996). “The Health Belief Model”, in Conner, M. and Norman, P. (Eds),Predicting Health Behaviour: Research and Practice with Social Cognition Models, Open University Press, Milton Keynes, pp. 23-61.

  • T.C Gıda Tarım ve Hayvancılık Bakanlığı, www.tarim.gov.tr, erişim tarihi: 24.08.2019

  • T24 Bağımsız İnternet Gazetesi. (2017). Takviye gıdalara Sağlık Bakanlığı onay vermeli, eczanelerdesatılmalı,https://t24.com.tr/haber/takviye-gidalara-saglik-bakanligi-onay-vermeli-eczanelerde-satilmali, erişim tarihi: 25.09.2019.

  • Tek, N. A., Pekcan, G. (2008). Besin Destekleri Kullanılmalı mı?, Türkiye Sağlık Bakanlığı, Klasmat Matbaacılık, Ankara.

  • TRT Haber.(2017). Gıda takviyesi pazarı çıtayı yükseltti, https://www.trthaber.com/haber/ekonomi/gida- takviyesi-pazari-citayi-yukseltti-305804.html, Erişim tarihi:25.09.2019.

  • TÜBER: Türkiye Beslenme Rehberi 2015 (2016).T.C. Sağlık Bakanlığı, Yayın No: 1031, Ankara,https://dosyasb.saglik.gov.tr/Eklenti/10915,tuber-turkiye-beslenme-rehberipdf.pdf, erişim tarihi:Türkiye Beslenme ve Sağlık Araştırması. (2010). Sağlık Araştırmaları Genel Müdürlüğü, Sağlık Bakanlığı,https://hsgm.saglik.gov.tr/depo/birimler/saglikli-beslenme-hareketli-hayat-

  • db/Yayinlar/kitaplar/diger-kitaplar/TBSA-Beslenme-Yayini.pdf, Erişim tarihi: 20.09.2019.

  • Waber, R.L., Shiv, B., Carmon, Z. and Ariely, D. (2008). “Commercial features of placebo and therapeutic efficacy”, JAMA: Journal of the American Medical Association, Vol. 299 No. 9, p. 1016.

                                                                                                                                                                                                        
  • Article Statistics